Journal of Marine and Coastal Sciences
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar
<div id="journalDescription"> <p><strong>WELCOME</strong><br><strong>REVISTA CIENCIAS MARINAS Y COSTERAS (<em>REVMAR</em>)</strong></p> <p>ISSN electrónico: <strong>1659-407X</strong>. ISSN impreso: <strong>1659-455X</strong></p> <p>It is a biannual continuous publication whose purpose is to disseminate original works related to marine sciences through a digital, scientific, international and bilingual journal. To date it is indexed in: Scopus, Redalyc, LATINDEX, DOAJ, ASFA, DIALNET, PERIÓDICA, SHERPA/ROMERO, MIAR, DRJI and in the Emerging Source Citation Index (ESCI). PUBLISHING IN REVMAR IS FREE OF CHARGE.</p> <p><strong>Publishing entity</strong>: Universidad Nacional, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Costa Rica.<br><strong>Periodicity</strong>: Each issue will be published from January 1 to Jun 3. and from July 1 to December 31 with a continuous periodicity and a six-monthly closure.</p> <p><strong>Areas and Descriptors</strong>: The areas of the journal are all those related to marine sciences including marine biology, geology and ecology, oceanography, evolution, systematics and taxonomy of marine organisms, pollution, fisheries, mariculture, marine biotechnology, conservation and integrated management of marine and coastal resources.</p> <p><strong>Contact e-mail</strong>: revmar@una.ac.cr</p> </div>Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.enJournal of Marine and Coastal Sciences1659-455X<p><strong>General terms and conditions</strong></p> <p><img style="border-width: 0;" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png" alt="Creative Commons License" /></p> <p><a href="https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/revmar%20">Revista Ciencias Marinas y Costeras</a> by <a href="https://www.una.ac.cr/">Universidad Nacional</a> is located under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cr/">Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Costa Rica.</a></p> <p>The journal is hosted in open-access repositories such as the <a href="http://www.repositorio.una.ac.cr/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Nacional</a>, the <a title="kimuk" href="http://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/mhsalud/Política%20de autoarchivo: La revista permite el auto archivo de los artículos en su versión arbitrada, editada y aprobada por el Consejo Editorial de la Revista para que sean disponibles en Acceso Abierto a través de Internet. Más información en el siguiente link: http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/search.php Condiciones generales La revista se aloja en repositorios de acceso abierto como el Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Nacional, el Repositorio Kimuk de Costa Rica y la Referencia." target="_blank" rel="noopener">Repositorio Kimuk de Costa Rica</a> and <a href="http://www.lareferencia.info/es/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">la Referencia</a>.</p> <p class="revision" style="text-align: justify;">The editorial source of the journal must be acknowledged. For this purpose, use the doi identifier of the publication.</p> <p><strong>Self-archiving policy:</strong> The journal allows the self-archiving of articles in their refereed version, edited and approved by the Editorial Board of the Journal so that they are available in Open Access through the Internet. More information at the following link: <a href="https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/28915">https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/28915</a></p>First record of Sphyraena qenie (Chordata: Perciformes) in El Salvador
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/19392
<p>In 2022, <em>Sphyraena qenie</em> was registered in El Salvador for the first time, thus expanding its known distribution in Central America where it had been previously reported in Guatemala and Panama. A visual census was conducted, and specimens were collected in Acajutla. <em>Sphyraena qenie</em> is different from <em>S. ensis</em> in the following taxonomic characteristics: 18-22 oblique bars, 120-130 scales in the lateral line, two spines, and 8 rays in the fin.</p>
Scientific notes (short communications)blackfin barracudarocky reefnew recordniche expansionCentral American PacificJohanna Vanessa Segovia-PradoJosé Alberto González-Leiva
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2023-08-252023-08-25556110.15359/revmar.15-2.4Marine spatial planning in the Colombian Pacific: A look into geographic data quality
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/19192
<p>Geographic data quality is an important factor for a better success rate in Marine Spatial Planning (MSP). Although the institutions that generate data must comply with quality standards, this is not always true, which leads to limiting their use and compromises the appropriateness of decisions regarding marine space. In this study, we evaluated the quality of an information database with 39 multiscale geographic data used in an MSP developed in 2022, for an area of the coastal-marine territory in the Colombian Pacific. An approach based on quantitative and qualitative criteria was implemented to determine the quality of the geographic data under the MSPglobal orientation. Results showed that the quality of 94% of the geographic data assessed was reliable, of which 41% did not report metadata and 38% did not have a year of completion, which calls into question compliance with regional regulations for generating quality geographic information. It also became evident that most of the data analyzed came from national public institutions responsible for complying with technical guidelines to guarantee the quality of geographic data for different purposes. This study provides a practical precedent that seeks to implement quality criteria for geographic data in MSP exercises focused on available multiscale thematic data, to be incorporated into MSPglobal initiatives at the regional level.</p>
Scientific articlesMSPglobal approachquality analysismarine usesmetadatamarine-coastal spaceMauricio Alejandro Perea-ArdilaJulian Leal-VillamilFernando Oviedo-BarreroCarlos Henrique Sopchaki
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2023-08-252023-08-25193310.15359/revmar.15-2.2Density temporal variation and ecological aspects of ichthyoplankton in the epipelagic zone of the Cariaco Trench, Venezuela
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/19193
<p>The composition and ecological aspects of fish larvae present in the Cariaco Trench, Venezuela, were described. Planktonic samples were collected between October 2012 and December 2013 during seven campaigns. A standard conical hanging net with a 35 cm mouth diameter and a 300-micron pore was used. Drafts were made horizontally, at a depth of 20 meters, with a duration of 15 minutes, at a speed of 2 knots. A total of 322 fish larvae was obtained: in 16 orders, 20 families and 28 species. The families Carangidae and Gobiidae presented the highest number of species, with 6 and 3, respectively; while Bregmacerotidae was the one that contributed with the highest density of organisms (53.29 org/100 m<sup>3</sup>), being the species with the highest relative abundance <em>Bregmaceros cantori</em> with 29.81%. In general, monthly diversity was low, with values between 0 and 1.55 bits/ind, not differing statistically between months (KW = 7.604; P = 0.2686). Species richness between 0 and 2.06 did not present differences between months either (KW = 7.0927; P = 0.3124). The ichthyoplankton of the Cariaco Trench was dominated mainly by families of mesopelagic fish such as Bregmacerotidae and Myctophidae. Of the 28 species identified, 54% are of commercial interest to the country, which provides additional value to the Cariaco Trench.</p>
Scientific articlesFish larvaeCariaco basintaxonomydiversitycompositionMariana Rondón-RamosJuan López-MarcanoJosé Núñez-PeñalverBaumar Marín-Espinoza†
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2023-08-252023-08-25355410.15359/revmar.15-2.3Predation of the fiddler crab, Minuca osa (Brachyura: Ocypodidae), by Eudocimus albus (Pelecaniformes: Threskiornithidae) from Ponuga, Veraguas, Panama
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/18981
<p>Numerous avian species prey on fiddler crabs, yet the ecological relationships involving <em>Minuca osa</em> crabs and their predators remain poorly understood. We report the first documented cases of <em>M. osa</em> predation by White Ibis, <em>Eudocimus albus</em>. Three distinct predation events were observed: June 3rd, 2021, November 10th, 2022, and November 25th, 2022, in the Gulf of Montijo, Veraguas, Panama. Examination of <em>E. albus</em> feces provided confirmation of such predator-prey interaction.</p>
Scientific notes (short communications)White IbisUcamangrovechelacamera trapRoberto C. Lombardo-González
Copyright (c) 2023 Roberto C. Lombardo-González
2023-08-252023-08-2521710.15359/revmar.15-2.1Pentaceraster cumingi, new record of starfish (Asteroidea) for the Salvadoran Pacific
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/17774
<p>Having a biodiversity register is important for any region. In this paper, <em>Pentaceraster cumingi</em> is incorporated to El Salvador’s marine wealth. The objective was to document its presence in the Salvadoran Pacific. Based on photographic material, there is evidence of the existence of <em>P. cumingi</em> in a national reef since 2017. This species is vulnerable to be trapped in trawling nets. The densities and the ecological role it plays should be known.</p>
Scientific notes (short communications)trawling netsbiodiversityconservationOreasteridaerocky reefMaría Fernanda Ramos-CáceresJohanna Segovia-Prado
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2022-11-212022-11-21919710.15359/revmar.14-2.6First record of the Fiddler Crab, Minuca osa from the Eastern Montijo Gulf, Panama
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/17754
<p><em>Minuca osa</em> had been previously thought to be endemic to Pacific Costa Rica (Golfo Dulce). However, specimens fitting the description were sampled in April 2021 and August 2022 in two sites in the Eastern Montijo Gulf, Panama. Based on the morphological character correspondence between the specimens collected and the original species description, it can be concluded that <em>Minuca osa</em> is also present in the Eastern Montijo Gulf.</p>
Scientific notes (short communications)tuberculate ridgeUcadactylchelapollexRoberto C. Lombardo-González
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2022-11-212022-11-21273510.15359/revmar.14-2.2First record of Mysidopsis gemina Price, Heard & Vargas, 2019 (Crustacea, Peracarida, Mysida, Mysidae) on the west coast of Mexico
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/18324
<p><em>Mysidopsis gemina</em> Price, Heard & Vargas, 2019, uma espécie de camarão misidáceo registrada no Pacífico da Costa Rica, foi coletada no oeste do México, em 19 de outubro de 2022, na entrada do Golfo da Califórnia. Este é o primeiro registro ao norte da Costa Rica e representa uma extensão ao norte de cerca de 13 graus de latitude. Apresenta-se uma comparação entre os caracteres morfológicos diagnósticos do material da Costa Rica e do México.</p>
Scientific notes (short communications)Mysidaepraia arenosaPacífico OrientalGolfo da Califórnianovo registroJosé Carlos Hernández-PayánMichel E. Hendrickx
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2023-05-032023-05-03455110.15359/revmar.15-1.3Antioxidant capacity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from marine fish and invertebrates of the province of Chubut, Patagonia, Argentina
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/18723
<p>The antioxidant activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been studied in depth in strains isolated from terrestrial organisms and fermented or unprocessed foods; however, information on isolates of marine origin is still being determined. This feature is of particular interest due to its potential use in functional foods in this work. The antioxidant capacity of 16 bacteriocinogenic LAB isolated from marine organisms from the Chubut coast (2010-2022 period) was studied with <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> assays. The in vitro antioxidant capacity was assessed by reduction of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), cupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and hydroxyl radical scavenging in unlysed cells. <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> was used as a eukaryotic biological model to evaluate the protective effect <em>in vivo</em>. The antioxidant capacity results from the DPPH radical scavenging test exhibited values between 15-37.5%, while hydroxyl radical scavenging showed values between 13.3-61.9%, and, for the CUPRAC method, values varied between 0.223-0.551, equivalent to mmol of ascorbic acid per ml of cellular suspension. The LAB protective effect on the survival rate of <em>S. cerevisiae</em> displayed results between 36-90%. No relationship was established between the values obtained with the different methods or between members of the same genus or species; consequently, the antioxidant behavior could be considered strain-depend. Results suggest that the antioxidant capacity of bacteriocinogenic LAB of marine origin can be used as a metabolic selection trait with biotechnological potential in the development of functional foods.</p>
Scientific articlesAntioxidant activityfunctional foodsEnterococcusLactococcusmarine environmentFranco M. SosaRomina B. ParadaMaría A. Sánchez-CabreraEmilio R. MarguetMarisol Vallejo
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2023-05-032023-05-039911210.15359/revmar.15-1.6Integrated system for the surveillance and management of harmful algal blooms in coastal areas of the province of Cienfuegos, Cuba
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/18721
<p>Harmful algal blooms can have negative consequences on the health, economy, and biological diversity of marine ecosystems. In the province of Cienfuegos, located in south-central Cuba, different bloom events have occurred in the bay of the same name, with a negative impact on the health and economy of the locality, as well as of the country. The objective of this research project was to design and implement a surveillance and management system of these events in the province of Cienfuegos, with the purpose of having well-defined intersectoral action mechanisms for the occurrence of these microorganisms, based on the principles of Integrated Management of Coastal Zones. During 2021, bloom events of these algae were scientifically confirmed; consequently, a workshop was developed for the design and proposal of this system, using the criteria of key specialists in the management of these events in the territory. The main characteristic of the monitoring and management system was to guarantee the integration of the sectors in the province related to this problem. This system was divided into five stages: surveillance, communication, system activation, direct management, and impact assessment. In October 2021, the system was implemented with satisfactory results after a bloom of the dinoflagellate <em>Vulcanodinium rugosum</em>. The implementation of this system contributed to mitigate the impacts of harmful algal blooms in different development sectors in the province of Cienfuegos.</p>
Scientific articlesHarmful Algal Bloomsintegrated managementcoastal zonesCienfuegosCubaGabriel Liván Rojas-AbrahantesMaría Elena Castellanos-GonzálezClara Elisa Miranda-VeraLisbet Díaz-AsencioOlidia Hernández-LeyvaLivan Rojas-LantiguaÁngel Ramón Moreira-González
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2023-05-032023-05-03759810.15359/revmar.15-1.5Benthic macrofauna associated with roots of Rhizophora mangle in the Ciénaga de La Palmita, Maracaibo System, Venezuela
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/18423
<p>The immersed roots of red mangrove constitute a substrate where a variety of invertebrates breed and feed, being one of the most productive tropical ecosystems. With the objective of studying the benthic macrofauna attached to <em>Rhizophora mangle</em> roots in the wetland Ciénaga de La Palmita, 8 stations were sampled in May 2018; the two roots extracted from each station were placed in plastic bags and fixed with 10% formalin. Water temperature, depth, salinity, and transparency were measured. In the laboratory, each root was washed and scraped superficially, and the invertebrates were retained in a 425 µm sieve and preserved in 70% alcohol. Specimens were quantified and identified by taxonomic keys. A total of 27,014 individuals were quantified, with three Phyla identified: Arthropoda, Annelida, and Mollusca, distributed in six classes, 13 orders, 19 families, and 20 species. Crustaceans represented 93.6% of the composition, followed by annelids (3.3%), mollusks (1.6 %), and hexapods (1.5%). Total richness was 20 species. The constancy index yielded 14 constant species, 3 accessory and 3 accidental. The Shannon-Wienner index varied, finding greater diversity in station 4 (H' = 2.01). The cirripede <em>Balanus amphitrite</em> was the dominant species, followed by the tanaidacean <em>Sinelobus stanfordi</em> and the amphipod <em>Americorophium</em> sp., estuarine species adapted to tropical areas. Physicochemical parameters indicate that this is an environment with little fluctuation and low salinity, where marine species and estuarine species converge, presenting a low proportion and richness of mollusks and a high proportion and abundance of crustaceans.</p>
Scientific articlesCiénaga de La Palmitadiversityestuaryinvertebratesred mangroveLuis Lárez-RodríguezMario Nava-FerrerJinel Mendoza-LuzardoNancy Hernández-PulgarLilibeth Cabrera-Salas
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2023-05-032023-05-03537410.15359/revmar.15-1.4Segregation by size in the mouthless crab Cardisoma crassum (Brachyura: Gecarcinidae) from Ponuga, Veraguas, Panama
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/18323
<p>O caranguejo sem boca, <em>Cardisoma crassum</em>, é um recurso pesqueiro de importância socioeconômica, portanto, entender seu padrão de distribuição é fundamental para seu manejo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estabelecer se os caranguejos exibem segregação de tamanho em habitats contrastantes. Três parcelas foram amostradas de fevereiro a junho de 2022 para coletar dados sobre variáveis biométricas em Ponuga, Veraguas, Panamá Pacífico. Foram capturados 151 caranguejos com largura média de cefalotórax de 56.24 ± 8.56 mm; 97 machos e 54 fêmeas, com uma proporção inclinada para os machos (1,8:1). Os caranguejos da parcela 1 alcançaram maior tamanho e peso do que as das parcelas 2 e 3. Fêmeas ovígeras foram encontradas apenas nas parcelas 1 e 2, durante o mês de junho (período chuvoso). A largura mínima do cefalotórax das fêmeas funcionalmente maduras foi de 47.11 mm. De acordo com essa medida, fêmeas maduras estiveram presentes em maiores proporções em todas as parcelas e foram mais abundantes na parcela 1. Caranguejos pequenos foram segregados na parcela 3; a parcela de origem e tamanho foram significativamente associadas. Este é o primeiro relato de segregação por tamanho e estágio de vida em <em>Cardisoma crassum</em>. Os resultados destacam a importância das características do habitat e abrem caminho para novas pesquisas sobre as causas desse padrão de distribuição.</p>
Scientific articlesBraquiúrotocabiometriamaturidade funcionalcarapaçaRoberto C. Lombardo-GonzálezLeidys M. Cedeño Pinto
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2023-05-032023-05-03274410.15359/revmar.15-1.2Characterization of the substrate and interstitial water of Mata de Limón mangrove, Puntarenas, Costa Rica
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/18322
<p>Mangroves are systems that, through land-sea interaction, vary in time and are highly productive. The objective of the study was to describe the granulometry, physicochemical parameters, and nutrients of the Mata de Limón Wetlands. In 2014, six monitoring plots were established to analyze the sediments, nutrients and physicochemical parameters. A greater presence of sand was found, especially thick sand. The pH values were very similar, most of them close to 8, while oxidation-reduction values showed a predominance of reductive processes with a minimum value of -54 and a maximum value of -3 mV. Regarding nutrients, the maximum concentration of ammonium was 29.2 μmol/L, while the minimum was zero. In the case of nitrate, the highest was 30.53 μmol/L and the lowest was 1.01 μmol/L. For both phosphates and silicates, the maximum values were 21.59 and 174.95 μmol/L, and the minimum were 0.71 and 19.66 μmol/L, respectively. The Mata de Limón Wetlands are comprised mainly by sand; the physicochemical parameters are affected by spatiotemporal variations and a high quantity of nutrients. Nevertheless, it is disturbed by anthropogenic pressures, causing instability in the evaluated variables, which increases their complexity; on the contrary, the river system corresponds to a more stable pattern with predictable changes to the interior of the ecosystem.</p>
Scientific articlesmangrove structuresedimentsabiotic componentsnitrogenperiurban mangroveYixlen Guzmán-SánchezJosé Andrés Vargas-SolanoAna Lucía Arrieta-SanchoEsteban Esquivel-MartínGustavo Rojas-OrtegaLuis Villalobos-Chacón
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2023-05-032023-05-0392610.15359/revmar.15-1.1REPRODUCTIVE CONDITION ASSOCIATED TO CHANGES IN THE LIPID-SOLUBLE ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND DAMAGE TO LIPIDS IN THE SEA URCHINS LOXECHINUS ALBUS (ECHINODERMATA: ECHINOIDEA)
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/3304
<p>The hypothesis of this study was that oxidative damage in the lipid phase of the gonad of the sea urchin <em>Loxechinus albus</em> increased during gametogenesis. Six different male and female reproductive conditions (reproductive stages) were described: (a) immature, (b) growing, (c) premature I, (d) premature II, (e) mature, and (f) spawned. The content of the lipid-soluble antioxidants, as well as the damage to lipids (assessed as the content of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the content of lipid radicals) were analyzed. The content of the lipid-soluble antioxidants α-tocopherol (α-TH), β-carotene, and echinenone decreased during gametogenesis. In contrast, the content of both TBARS and lipid radicals increased. However, the consumption of lipid-soluble antioxidants was not sufficient to efficiently control lipid damage since the ratio of TBARS content/ α-TH content, taken as an index of damage/protection ratio, significantly increased during the mature stage. Therefore, an active food intake to incorporate antioxidants to the diet is required to adequately prepare the gonad for the next reproductive cycle.</p>
Scientific articlesα-tocopherolβ-caroteneechinenonelipid peroxidationreproductive conditionsAnalía F. PérezGabriela MalangaSusana Puntarulo
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2011-12-312011-12-3118319410.15359/revmar.3.14Presencia de la raya águila de piel áspera Aetomylaeus asperrimus (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatidae) en la costa del Pacífico Norte de Costa Rica
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/17024
<p>Almost 25% of skates and rays’ information worldwide is insufficient to assess their extinction risk. We reported the first seven confirmed records of the rough eagle ray (<em>Aetomylaeus asperrimus</em>) along the north Pacific coast of Costa Rica. These findings suggest that encounters with this species are rare, possibly associated with oceanographic patterns. More information is needed to make accurate assumptions on the species’ abundance, ecology, and conservation needs. </p>
Scientific articlesConservationdata deficientelasmobranchsrange extensionEastern Tropical PacificElpis J. ChávezMaike HeidemeyerRandall ArauzDaniel Arauz-NaranjoRandall Mora-VargasJosé Luis Molina-QuirósSebastián Hernández-Muñoz
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2022-03-232022-03-2373.8273.8210.15359/revmar.14-1.5Microplastic pollution in mangroves and beaches of the Cispata marine protected area, Colombian Caribbean Coast
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/17753
<p class="Resumen" style="text-indent: 0cm; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt;" lang="EN-US">Microplastics are emerging pollutants with a wide global distribution posing a risk to biodiversity and the livelihood of human communities. These particles are mostly transported by rivers from the inland to the marine-coastal ecosystems, where they accumulate and affect their environmental quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate microplastic pollution in mangroves and beaches of the Cispata marine protected area, Colombian Caribbean coast. In May 2018, three stations in the mangroves and two stations on the tourist beaches were selected, where microplastics were sampled in surface water and sediments, as well as visually identified under a stereoscope, counted to determine their abundance, and classified according to their shapes. Microplastic was more abundant in mangroves (from 13 to 123 items/m<sup>3</sup> of water; from 72 to 1 668 items/m<sup>2</sup> or from 42 to 1 825 items/kg of sediment) compared to beaches (from 0 to 0.13 items/m<sup>3</sup> of water; from 8 to 36 items/m<sup>2</sup> of sediment). In both ecosystems, films, foams, and fragments were the most common shapes, being related to deficient management of domestic waste, tourism, and fishing in the area. This study contributes to the knowledge of microplastic characteristics, distribution, and abundance in mangroves and beaches in the region in order to raise environmental awareness about the risks and promote actions to prevent and mitigate the negative impacts, especially in marine protected areas.</span></p>
Scientific articlesMarine littermarine pollutionplastic debriscoastal ecosystemsColombiaOstin Garcés Ordóñez
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2022-11-212022-11-2192510.15359/revmar.14-2.1Geographic information system to plan marine expeditions in the Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago, Cuba
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/17755
<p>The Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago in Cuba merges conservation and economic interests associated with tourism. The intensive development of this economic activity in specific poles, such as the keys to the north of Ciego de Ávila, in addition to the effects of climate change, has generated multiple effects on their marine ecosystems. Despite being diverse, studies have been isolated and not systematic, which is the reason why the Coastal Ecosystem Research Center developed a new monitoring program to raise quality, fill in knowledge gaps, and save time and resources. This research aims to design a geographic information system (GIS) to be implemented in the planning of marine expeditions in the Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago. According to the characteristics of the study area and the particularities of the research project, a database was integrated with bio-physical and management information for the development of applications with spatial and statistical analysis tools to facilitate the proper planning of field activities. The plan for this campaign resulted in 48 suitable sites to develop the dives, grouped into 16 maritime routes, based on favorable conditions synergistically analyzed, with distribution and characteristics of marine habitats, bathymetry, and logistics, among others. The planning of marine expeditions using GIS improved organization, effectiveness, and quality and saved time and resources.</p>
Scientific articlesmarine ecosystemsmarine monitoringplanningresearch projectGISAlder Luis León-BritoClaudia Bustamante-LópezLisadys Bárbara Dulce-Sotolongo
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2022-11-212022-11-21375810.15359/revmar.14-2.3New records and morphometric and meristic data of the blunthead puffer, Sphoeroides pachygaster (Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae), from southwestern Gulf of Mexico
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/17756
<p>El objetivo de esta contribución es presentar nuevos registros de ocurrencia de <em>Sphoeroides pachygaster</em>, con base en 8 ejemplares depositados en una colección científica, de 175-313 mm de longitud estándar y un peso de 178.7-1 010 g, que fueron capturados al sur de Veracruz, suroeste del golfo de México. En adición, se muestran y discuten datos merísticos y morfometrícos de los ejemplares capturados como soporte a la identificación.</p>
Scientific articlesMexican ichthyofaunaoccurrencepuffer fishdistributionnew recordsLuis Fernando Del Moral-FloresAlondra Jazmín Castro-Martínez
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2022-11-212022-11-21596910.15359/revmar.14-2.4Pycnogonids (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida: Pantopoda) from the Banderas Bay, Mexican Pacific Coast
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/17759
<p>This study reports the composition of pycnogonid species associated with the fouling fauna on the docks of a tourist marina collected in September and October 2011 and Abril and June 2012, as well as the samples of algae, dead coral, and chaetopterid tubes collected by free diving at beach sites from February to April 2018. The sites studied, La Cruz de Huanacaxtle marina and surrounding beaches, are located along the Mexican Pacific, on the north coast of the Banderas Bay in the State of Nayarit. A total of 78 specimens were examined belonging to five families, six genera, and nine species. A systematic list is presented, and each species includes a brief description, information on its distribution and abundance in the studied sites. In the Cruz de Huanacaxtle marina docks, 56 organisms were recorded corresponding to three species. Eight species were found on the La Manzanilla, Burros, La Lancha and Isla María Cleofás beaches, six of which were not present on the docks. The most abundant species were <em>Anoplodactylus </em>sp<em>.</em> with 32 organisms (41%) and <em>Nymphon lituus</em> with 24 (31%), the latter dominant in the docks of the marina. This study constitutes the first record of pycnogonids for the north coast of the Banderas Bay, Mexico. It contributes to the knowledge of the biodiversity of the central Mexican Pacific coast and documents the pycnofauna associated with biofouling communities of a nautical marina.</p>
Scientific articlessea spidersclerobiontsencrusting faunamarinafloating docksAlejandrina Villatoro-OrtizPatricia Salazar-Silva
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2022-11-212022-11-21719010.15359/revmar.14-2.5The March 4, 2021 Kermadec Islands tsunami: records, numerical modeling and warnings in Costa Rica
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/16891
<p>On March 4, 2021 a Mw=8.1 earthquake at the Tonga-Kermadec Trench generated a tsunami threat warning from the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PTWC). Costa Rica’s National Tsunami Monitoring System (Sinamot), acting as the National Tsunami Warning Center (NTWC), issued a warning about the possibility of a tsunami. The travel time of approximately 15 hours allowed the use of tsunami (flooding) numerical modeling as an additional decision support tool. The modeled tsunami heights agreed well with the records from two Costa Rican tide gauges. The tsunami reached a maximum height of 17.6 cm at Quepos (Pez Vela Marina) and 6.1 cm at the Chattam Bay tide gauge at Cocos Island, which was the first tsunami recorded at this gauge since its deployment in March 2018. At Wafer Bay on Cocos Island witnesses filmed the tsunami running upriver and reported strong currents which were not predicted by the model. The contrast between these effects and the small height recorded at the nearby gauge, together with the effects of previous tsunamis, such as the one that occurred in Japan in 2011, confirmed a local effect at Wafer Bay. For the rest of the country the PTWC forecast overestimated the tsunami heights that were actually recorded, which in turn agreed with the first threat analysis carried out by the Sinamot.</p>
Scientific articlesTsunami warningKermadec 2021numerical modelingtide gauge recordCosta Rica tsunamiHernán Porras-EspinozaSilvia Chacón-BarrantesAnthony Murillo-GutierrezFabio Rivera-Cerdas
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2022-03-232022-03-23314910.15359/revmar.14-1.2First record of the marine fish Taractichthys steindachneri (Perciformes, Bramidae) in El Salvador
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/16965
<p>The fish <em>Taractichthys steindachneri</em> is distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific Ocean, while in the Eastern Pacific Ocean it is restricted to the southern Gulf of California, in Mexico. However, in November of the year 2020, its presence was recorded for the first time in bycatch of artisanal fishery off the coast of El Salvador. This may be due to the cooling of marine surface waters caused by the La Niña phenomenon.</p>
Scientific articlesArtisanal fishingbycatchdistributionMarine ichthyofaunaTropical Eastern PacificAndrea Fortis-BenavidesJosé Alberto González-Leiva
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2022-03-232022-03-23657210.15359/revmar.14-1.4Structure and associated flora of the Mata de Limón mangrove forest Puntarenas, Costa Rica
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/16894
<p>Mangrove forests can be negatively affected by different factors, and variations in these factors can cause physiological stress. The objective of this investigation was to describe the state of the vegetation structure and associated flora of the Mata de Limón mangrove forest. In the year 2014, six plots were established and measurements were carried out in each plot to determine the number of trees, heights, diameters at breast height and species of mangrove to calculate indicators of complexity and importance. Six of the seven nuclear species of Costa Rican mangrove forests were found. The general complexity index was 4.97, and <em>Avicennia germinans</em> had the highest importance value, being present in five of the six plots. In addition, 26 species of associated vegetation were identified, distributed in 17 families. Presence of mangrove forests is determined by the natural dynamics of diverse factors in an ecosystem, but human activities can alter its. The mangrove forest of Mata de Limón has been affected by factors such as the construction of train tracks, roads and the Caldera seaport; its vegetative composition is therefore heterogeneous, with the areas farthest from human interaction displaying greater complexity and a higher presence of floral species typically present in mangrove ecosystems.</p>
Scientific articlesAvicennia germinansmarginal florafacultative marginal floraperi-urban mangrove forestdisturbanceYixlen Guzmán-SánchezGustavo Rojas-OrtegaEsteban Esquivel-MartínAna Lucía Arrieta-SanchoJosé Andrés Vargas-SolanoLuis Villalobos-Chacón
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2022-03-232022-03-23516410.15359/revmar.14-1.3Relationships between the environment and structure of the fish community in nycthemeral cycles in the Mecoacán lagoon, Tabasco, Mexico
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/16763
<p>The Mecoacán lagoon is an ecosystem used as a breeding area, a refuge, and a feeding and growth area by different species, particularly mollusks, crustaceans, and fish. The objective of this study is to compare the relationships between the environment and the structure of the fish community between two nycthemeral cycles, at a site near the mouth connecting a lagoon with the sea. Two sampling campaigns were carried out during June and October 2019, recording environmental variables and collecting samples of ichthyofauna with a gillnet. Abundance was determined in terms of number of individuals, biomass, and average weight, as well as heterogeneity, species diversity, and evenness indices. Dominant species were identified, ecological associations were analyzed and the correlations between abundance and environmental variables were determined. The average temperature was 29.6 °C, average salinity was 30.46 units, average dissolved oxygen was 2.28 mg/l and average pH was 7.46. In total, 16 species of fish were identified, among which the abundance of <em>Diapterusrhombeus </em>stands out. In June 13 species belonging to 12 genera and 11 families were reported, while in October 10 species were captured, belonging to 9 genera and 8 families. Eleven (11) dominant species were identified that can be classified into four groups which show differential correlations with environmental variables. Given the various anthropogenic pressures operating in the lagoon, it is important to integrate information on the environment and the structure of biotic communities as a basis for evaluating their degree of disturbance.</p>
Scientific articlesFish abundanceecological associationsfish diversityMecoacándominant fishLuis Amado Ayala-PérezIliana Lizeth Castillo-AdameAlfonso Esquivel- HerreraNayelli Estrada-HidalgoJennifer Pamela Jardon-RomeroItzel Jiménez-ObregónEduardo André Rodríguez-Ayala
Copyright (c) 2022 Luis Amado Ayala-Pérez, Iliana Lizeth Castillo-Adame, Alfonso Esquivel- Herrera, Nayelli Estrada-Hidalgo, Jennifer Pamela Jardon-Romero, Itzel Jiménez-Obregón, Eduardo André Rodríguez-Ayala
2022-03-232022-03-2392910.15359/revmar.14-1.1Composition of artisanal fishing landings in the ports of Boca Parita and Agallito, Panamanian Pacific
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/16321
<p>For the ports of Boca de Parita and El Agallito, in the Panamanian Pacific, biomass landed was counted for the period between 2011 and 2015. The individuals in these landings were also identified, measured and weighed, and the prices paid by intermediaries to fishermen were recorded. The results of these efforts indicate that a total of 2.8 tons of fishery products from both ports were marketed, with 74.5% of the total landed at Boca Parita and the remainder at El Agallito. In the landings, 38 species were identified, of which the most abundant: <em>Cynoscion phoxocephalus</em> (Scianidae), <em>Scomberomorus sierra</em> (Scombridae) and <em>Lutjanus guttatus</em> (Lutjanidae). For both ports, over 90% of landings consisted or first and second quality products in terms of market price. Size distributions for species with a sample size of more than 100 individuals for which data on mean reproductive size (L50) was also available indicate that in the cases of <em>Caranx vinctus</em> and <em>Centropomus medius,</em> over 80% of landings consisted of mature individuals, while for <em>Lutjanus guttatus</em> and <em>Scomberomorus sierra</em> 49% and 53%, respectively, of individuals were mature. The percentages of mature individuals of <em>Cynoscion phoxocephalus</em>, <em>Caranx caballus</em> and <em>Cynoscion albus</em> were 19, 5 and 0%, respectively. This indicates a need to establish management policies which regulate catch size and/or establish no-take zones that guarantee the capture of individuals that have already reproduced, as a first step in ensuring the sustainability of artisanal fishery in the Parita Gulf.</p>
Scientific articlesArtisanal fisherycommercial fisherylanded biomassParita Baycatch sizeYarkelia Aneth Vergara-FríasYolani Aibeth Robles-PinedaÁngel Javier Vega
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2021-07-272021-07-27698210.15359/revmar.13-2.5Environmental condition of sediment in the eastern sector of Cariaco Gulf
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/15466
<p>In 2008, the environmental status of sediment in the eastern region of the Gulf of Cariaco (Venezuela) was evaluated by comparing chemical concentrations of trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to responses to standardized toxicological tests. In April, the metals partitioned in the sediment and retained water were extracted and measured using ICP-OES analysis. The PAHs were separated from the sediment using ultrasound and measured with HPLC-fluorescence detectors. In addition, <em>Artemia</em> survival was evaluated and hemolytic activity tests were performed. The total metal concentrations (μg g<sup>-1</sup>) were: Cu (29-91), Cd (1.9-4.9), Cr (4-36), Ni (10-33), Pb (3-9) and Zn (32-112). Results of the analysis of water (µg L<sup>-1</sup>) were Pb (33-56), Cr and (154-237). The concentrations of PAHs (3-5 rings) were low, with a predominance of fluoranthene (22-71 ng g<sup>-1</sup>), mainly pyrolytic. Concentrations of Cu, Ni and Cd in the sediment exceeded quality criteria in only a few locations. There was no mortality of larvae during toxicological tests and hemolytic activity was less than 2%. These results show that the sediments analyzed have high ecological quality</p>
Scientific articlesSedimentwatertoxinsenvironmental riskVenezuelaMaría Valentina Fuentes-Hernández
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2021-04-232021-04-23577610.15359/revmar.13-1.4Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from mesophotic reef sites in Cuba
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/15304
<p>The bacterial communities of mesophotic reef sites constitute genetic information of interest due to the particular conditions of temperature, pressure, salinity and availability of organic matter and nutrients in the environment in which they develop. The present work aimed to evaluate the bacterial diversity in waters surrounding the mesophotic reefs of Cuba during the period May-June 2017; as well as some of its biotechnological potentialities. Bacterial cultures were isolated on marine agar medium for two water column depth levels at 10 sampling sites. Subsequently, the metabolic capacities of the isolates were evaluated and related to the assimilation of different carbon sources and the production of bioactive metabolites. The results allowed the characterization of 30 bacterial cultures from subsurface-level and 32 from deep-sea waters. The highest percentage corresponds to Gram positive (G+) sporulated bacilli and Gram negative (G-) bacilli. Likewise, it was shown that 85.5% of the isolates degrade carbohydrates of different nature and 96.8% produce hydrolytic enzymes with caseinase, gelatinase, lipase or amylase activity. The ability to degrade petroleum oil and phenolic compounds indistinctly was detected in 61.3% of the isolates. Among the potentialities of biomedical and industrial interest, surfactant and L-asparaginase activity was detected in 53% and 32% of the cultures, respectively. For its part, the taxonomic characterization of 40 cultures selected for their metabolic potentials showed that the genus <em>Bacillus</em> presented greater biological activity. These results constitute the first approach to the characterization of bacterial diversity in mesophotic reef sites of Cuba.</p>
Scientific articlesDeep-sea watersbacterioplanktondegradationhydrolytic enzymesmetabolitesEudalys Ortiz-GuilarteMaría Victoria Iglesias-RodríguezRoberto Rafael Núñez-MoreiraValia Caballero-BarretoDaymarlen González-TamayoGladys Margarita Lugioyo-Gallardo
Copyright (c) 2021
2021-04-232021-04-2392610.15359/revmar.13-1.1Spatio-temporal variation on the ecological structure of the fish community in the Ostión Lagoon, Veracruz, Mexico
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/14803
<p>Although the fish community in the Ostión Lagoon is subject to fishing, ecological studies on it are scarce. The spatial and temporal variation of this community structure was analyzed, as well as the physicochemical parameters of the lagoon’s salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, depth, and transparency. Samples were collected bimonthly from March 2007 to January 2008 in eight sampling stations with a shrimp trawl. Significant spatial and temporal differences were evaluated in diversity, richness, evenness, density, biomass, and average weight through analysis of variance. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was used to determine fish associations and their correlation with the environmental factors of the system. A total of 737 individuals were collected with a total weight of 19,081.90 g. The study identified 19 families, 23 genera, and 34 species, of which 12 were new records for the lagoon. Four species were found to be dominant in the system. Community parameters showed a relationship with environmental gradients and climatic seasons. Diversity was higher in May (H´= 2.36) and January (H´ = 2.48), while density was higher in July (0.018 ind./m<sup>2</sup>). The CCA showed that the composition and spatio-temporal distribution of the fish community was conditioned by salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and depth. Knowing the fish’s community structure and biological functions and their interaction with environmental factors in this lagoon is relevant since ongoing studies have not been conducted for this system.</p>
Scientific articlesdiversity, abundance, dominance, trophic categories, fish associationsArturo Aguirre-LeónSilvia Díaz-RuizMariela Gazca-Castro
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2020-10-202020-10-20295510.15359/revmar.12-2.2Social conventions and certification of fishery products
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/14039
<p>Fishermen’s logic is related to three aspects: profit maximization; abundance and stock situation; and social and economic expectations. They think in terms of “ideal behaviors” and, based on that, they act according to their abilities mostly with an individual rather than a collective attitude. However, when problems in fishery management stem from the analysis of resources and the configuration of markets, fishermen resort to social conventions to give coherence to their actions and emphasize agents’ coordination. Methodologically speaking, the paper analyzes the social conventions that maintain a stable regularity in fisherman behavior and that allow establishing a recurrent behavior in terms of social interactions. The purpose of the article is to collect those practices, habits, common interests, and norms that define behavior rules. Six types of social conventions are highlighted here: a) organizational (which reflect voluntary attitudes); b) representative (used as negotiation instruments); c) reclaiming (make demands when there are problems); d) commercial (reinforce differential advantages); e) certification processes (underline competitive advantage and entry barriers); and f) social conventions to defend sustainability and common goods (more emphasis on presentation rather than production). Finally, it should be noted that certified products have become political and trade negotiation tools.</p>
Scientific articlesFisherman’s behavior, social convention, fishery management, certified products, and behavior rulesFernando González-Laxe
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2020-02-212020-02-21135.155135.15510.15359/revmar.12-1.7Growth and fillet yield in recirculation systems of Lobotes pacificus (Perciformes: Lobotidae), a species with aquaculture potential
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/13204
<p>The genus <em>Lobotes</em> extends across tropical and subtropical areas of oceans such as the Atlantic and the Pacific; it is extracted in artisanal fisheries, and its aquaculture production technology is still under investigation. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the growth and fillet yield of <em>L. pacificus</em> in recirculated systems. In 2014, for a 100-day period, 132 juveniles were placed in six 10m<sup>3</sup> tanks (22 fish/tank), D1 (ranging 5-13 g, x̄ = 8.8 ± 1.9 g, n = 66), and D2 (ranging 14-80 g, x̄ = 44.7 ± 16.4 g, n = 66). Fish were fed to satiety, D1 with artificial feed and D2 with sardines. The weight-length relationship was calculated for each group. Fish had a final weight of 47.7 ± 20.3 g and 612.2 ± 238.7 g in groups D1and D2, respectively, while survival was 98.3% and 72.7% in groups D1 and D2. The whole fish and fillet yields (whole eviscerated fish yield of 89.0 ± 0.5% and fillet yields without skin of 36.1 ± 0.6%) from group D2 were considered acceptable and competitive. The 100 days of culture indicated that <em>L. pacificus</em> reached commercial sizes in less time than other similar fish species; however, the use of sardines as the only source of food was not recommended. This study showed that <em>L. pacificus</em> has high yield potential for aquaculture.</p>
Scientific articlesTripletail, juveniles, weight, commerce, cultureJonathan Chacón-GuzmánMilagro Carvajal-OsesAngel Herrera-UlloaPedro Toledo- Agüero
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2019-09-122019-09-1212914310.15359/revmar.11-2.7Evidence of overfishing and poor management of Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun, 1896) in Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/12064
<p>This research was conducted between 2015 and 2018. The objective was to evaluate the effect of blue crab fishery management on the resource sustainability and provide a base for the implementation of corrective measures. Blue crab fishery changed in 2002 when fishermen stopped using fish traps and began using longlines, which rapidly increased successful fishing and significantly reduced size selectivity. A gradual reduction of carapace width and the extraction of immature individuals were evident; growth (L<sub>∞</sub>) is lower compared to fishery in the Chesapeake, Delaware, and Chetumal Bays, and the Gulf of Mexico, and fishing mortality (F) was significantly high. The exploitation rate (E) equivalent to 0.75 indicates overfishing. Fishermen do not fully respect the current legislation, do not receive financial support, and face personal insecurity. This activity contributes every day less to the family economy. In addition, the government has failed to register data, assess the habitat, or manage the resource. This combination of elements has conditioned current overexploitation and threatened this type of fish.</p>
Scientific articlesmanagement, legislation, fishing mortality, sustainability, sizeMisael Molina-MolinaDavid Mejías-Yedra
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2019-03-062019-03-068110010.15359/revmar.11-1.6First record of Amorphinopsis atlantica Carvalho, Hadju, Mothes & van Soest, 2004 (Family: Halichondriidae) for a lagoon system in the Gulf of Mexico
https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/revmar/article/view/11947
<p><em>Amorphinopsis atlantica</em> is recorded for the first time in a lagoon system of the Gulf of Mexico. This sponge was reported in Brazil where it prefers to settle on rocky shores and estuaries. Specimens were observed and collected from the Tampamachoco lagoon in northern Veracruz, Mexico. Subjects observed were epibionts on <em>Isognomon alatus</em> oyster beds, standing out for their yellow coloration and massively encrusting form with prolonged branches. Megascleres both oxeas (331-774/7-16 μm; length/width) and styles (138-205/5-9 μm; length/width) were present. Based on the observations made from 2015 to date, <em>A. atlantica</em> is considered to be a species well established in the lagoon system. This record increases the original distribution range of <em>A. atlantica</em> towards the coasts of the Gulf of Mexico.</p>
Scientific articlesspongesdistributionestuarymangrovesTampamachoco lagoonAmorphinopsis atlanticaVicencio de la Cruz-FranciscoJimmy Argüelles-JiménezSalvador Rodríguez-MuñozRamses Giovanni León-MéndezAarón Duran-López
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2019-03-062019-03-06718010.15359/revmar.11-1.5