El desarrollo del sector asegurador y el crecimiento económico: un análisis empírico para 47 países
Resumo
Este estudio examina el efecto del desarrollo del mercado asegurador –tanto del segmento de vida como de no vida[1]– sobre el crecimiento económico, así como las condiciones (grado de desarrollo financiero, nivel de ingresos y entorno institucional) que afectan el nexo de ambas variables. Para ello se utiliza el método generalizado de momentos (GMM), con un modelo dinámico de datos de panel para 47 países, entre 1990 y 2014. Los resultados revelan que existe un impacto positivo del desarrollo del mercado de seguros sobre el crecimiento económico. Además, la relación entre el desarrollo del mercado asegurador y el crecimiento económico se ve aminorada en un entorno institucional relativamente más sólido. Por otra parte, los resultados sugieren que el impacto positivo del desarrollo del mercado de seguros en el crecimiento económico se mitiga en los países de ingresos altos.
[1] Existen dos grandes categorías de seguros: vida y no vida. Los seguros de vida se caracterizan porque el pago de la cantidad pactada (suma asegurada) depende del fallecimiento o supervivencia del asegurado. Los seguros generales o de no vida cubren riesgos que puedan ocasionar daños a los bienes o derechos del asegurado, etc.
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