Fungal keratitis in a mare: case report in Costa Rica

Authors

  • Eugenia Bermúdez-Jiménez EyeVet Costa Rica , Costa Rica
  • Alejandra Calderón-Hernández Universidad Nacional , Costa Rica

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15359/rcv.38-2.3

Abstract

This paper discusses the diagnosis and clinical management of a case of equine keratomycosis. A pregnant Iberic mare was diagnosed with Aspergillus subgenus Circumdati section Circumdati, by direct microscopic examination, cytology, and fungal culture after being treated with a topical antibiotic and steroid drops in her left eye for over a month. The mare developed a melting ulcer and, as a result, topical miconazole 1% was prescribed; while being treated the iris prolapsed, and surgery was suggested but not conducted. After the treatment, the eye was not visual but in the orbit.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

  • Alejandra Calderón-Hernández, Universidad Nacional

    Laboratorio de Migología

References

Barnett, K.C., Crispin, S.M., Lavach, J.D. & Matthews, A.G. (eds.). 2004. Equine Ophthalmology: An Atlas and Text, 2nd Edition. Saunders Elsevier, Oxford. p. 107-147.

Brooks, D.E., Plummer, C.E., Mangan, B.G. & Ben-Shlomo, G. 2013. Equine subepithelial keratomycosis. Vet. Ophthalmol. 16(2): 93–96. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2012.01031.x

Cafarchia, C., Figueredo, L.A. & Otranto, D. 2013. Fungal diseases of horses. Vet. Microbiol. 167(1-2): 215-234. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.01.015

Calderón-Hernández, A. & Urbina-Villalobos, A. 2018. Veterinary mycosis in a tropical country. 20th Congress of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology. Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Abstract, Med. Mycol. 56: S1-S159. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myy036

Clode, A.B. 2011. Diseases and surgery of the cornea. In: Gilger, BC (ed.). Equine Ophthalmology, 2nd Edition. Elsevier Saunders, Missouri. p. 181-266.

De Hoog, G.S., Guarro, J., Gené, J., Ahmed, S., Al-Hatmi, A.M.S, Figueras, M.J. & Vitale, R.G. 2019. Atlas of Clinical Fungi, 3rd e-edition. Utrecht/Reus.

Galán, A., Martín-Suárez, E.M., Gallardo, J.M. & Molleda, J.M. 2009. Clinical findings and progression of 10 cases of equine ulcerative keratomycosis (2004–2007). Equine Vet. Educ. 21(5): 236-242. doi: 10.2746/095777309X400289

Galera, P.D. & Brooks, D.E. 2012. Optimal management of equine keratomycosis. Vet. Med. (Auckl). 3: 7-17. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S25013

Gilger, B.C. 2013. Equine Ophthalmology. In: Gelatt, K.N. (ed.). Veterinary Ophthalmology, 5th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Iowa. p. 1560-1609.

Houbraken, J., Kocsubé, S., Visagie, C.M., Yilmaz, N., Wang, X.C, Meijer, M., Kraak, B., Hubka, V., Samson, R.A. & Frisvad, J.C. 2020. Classification of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Talaromyces and related genera (Eurotiales): An overview of families, genera, subgenera, sections, series, and species. Stud. Mycol. 95: 5-169. doi: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.05.002

Khosravi, A.R., Nikaein, D., Sharifzadeh, A. & Gharagozlou, F. 2014. Ocular fungal flora from healthy horses in Iran. J. Mycol. Med. 24(1): 29-33. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2013.10.006

Ledbetter, E.C. 2017. Antifungal therapy in equine ocular mycotic infections. Vet. Clin. N. Am. Equine. 33(3): 583-605. doi: 10.1016/j.cveq.2017.08.001

Ledbetter, E.C., Irby, N.L. & Teixeira, L.B.C. 2018. In vivo confocal microscopy characteristics of equine epithelial and subepithelial nonulcerative keratomycosis. Vet. Ophthalmol. 22(2):168-172. doi: 10.1111/vop.12576

Maggs, D.J. 2008. Cornea and sclera. In: Maggs, D.J., Miller P.E. & Ofri, R. (eds.). Slatter’s Fundamentals of Veterinary Ophthalmology, 4th Edition. Saunders-Elsevier, Missouri. p. 175-202.

Roberts, D., Cotter, H.V.T., Cubeta, M. & Gilger, B.C. 2020. In vitro susceptibility of Aspergillus and Fusarium associated with equine keratitis to new antifungal drugs. Vet. Ophthalmol. 23(5): 918-922. doi: 10.1111/vop.12774

Samanta, I. 2015. Veterinary Mycology. Springer India, New Dehli. p. 41, 155.

Samson, R.A., Houbraken, J., Thrane, U., Frisvad, J.C. & Andersen, D. 2019. Food and Indoor Fungi, 2nd Edition. Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands. p. 39-41.

Sansom, J., Featherstone, H. & Barnett, K.C. 2005. Keratomycosis in six horses in the United Kingdom. Vet. Rec. 156(1): 13. doi: 10.1136/vr.156.1.13

Sherman, A.B., Clode, A.B. & Gilger, B.C. 2017. Impact of fungal species cultured on outcome in horses with fungal keratitis. Vet. Ophthalmol. 20(2): 140-146. doi: 10.1111/vop.12381

Utter, M.E., Wotman, K. L., Armour, M. & Bagel, J. 2010. Clinical findings and outcomes of ulcerative keratomycosis in 30 horses in the mid-Atlantic United State (2006–2007). Equine Vet. Educ. 22(1) 31-39. doi: 10.2746/095777309X478

Utter, M.E. & Brooks, D.E. 2011. Glaucoma. In: Gilger BC (ed.). Equine Ophthalmology, 2nd Edition. Elsevier Saunders, Missouri. p. 350-366.

Utter, M.E. 2015. Fungal keratitis. In: Sprayberry, K.A. & Robbinson, N.E. (eds.). Robbinson’s current therapy in equine medicine, 7th Edition. Elsevier, Missouri. p. 611-613.

Voelter-Ratson, K., Pot, S.A., Florin, M. & Spiess, B.M. 2013. Equine keratomycosis in Switzerland: A retrospective evaluation of 35 horses (January 2000–August 2011). Equine Vet. J. 45(5): 608-612. doi: 10.1111/evj.12042

Wada, S., Ode, H., Hobo, S., Niwa, H., Katayama, Y. & Takatori, K. 2011. Mortierella wolfii keratomycosis in a horse. Vet. Ophthalmol. 14(4): 267-270. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2011.00891.x

Wada, S., Hobo, S., Ode, H., Niwa, H. & Moriyama, H. 2013. Equine keratomycosis in Japan. Vet. Ophthalmol. 16(1): 1-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-5224.2012.01004.x

Walsh, T.J., Hayden, R.T. & Larone, D.H. 2018. Larone’s medically important fungi. A guide to identification, 6th Edition. ASM Press, Washington, D.C. p. 44-45, 293-308, 365.

Published

2020-07-01

How to Cite

Fungal keratitis in a mare: case report in Costa Rica. (2020). Ciencias Veterinarias, 38(2), 30-42. https://doi.org/10.15359/rcv.38-2.3