https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/gateway/plugin/WebFeedGatewayPlugin/atomCiencias Veterinarias2023-07-09T12:02:59-06:00Carlos Jiménez S.ciencias.veterinarias.cr@una.crOpen Journal Systems<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>ISSN:</strong> 0250-5649 / <strong>EISSN:</strong> 2215-4507 <br><strong>Ciencias Veterinarias</strong> is a periodical scientific publication in electronic format, aimed at professionals and students of Veterinary Medicine and other Health Sciences whose main purpose is the dissemination of scientific knowledge in the areas of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Public Health, generated in Costa Rica and other countries of the Ibero-American region. Currently the journal is indexed in: INDEX VETERINARIUS AND VETERINARY BULLETIN of CAB (England), <a title="redib" href="https://www.redib.org/Record/oai_revista5285-ciencias-veterinarias" target="_blank" rel="noopener">REDIB</a>, <a title="LATINDEX" href="http://www.latindex.unam.mx/latindex/ficha?folio=22039">Latindex</a> and <a title="doaj" href="https://doaj.org/toc/2215-4507?source=%7B%22query%22%3A%7B%22filtered%22%3A%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22bool%22%3A%7B%22must%22%3A%5B%7B%22terms%22%3A%7B%22index.issn.exact%22%3A%5B%222215-4507%22%5D%7D%7D%2C%7B%22term%22%3A%7B%22_type%22%3A%22article%22%7D%7D%5D%7D%7D%2C%22query%22%3A%7B%22match_all%22%3A%7B%7D%7D%7D%7D%2C%22size%22%3A100%2C%22_source%22%3A%7B%7D%7D" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DOAJ</a>. Registered in: <a href="https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/25820?template=romeo" target="_blank" rel="noopener">SHERPA/ROMEO</a>, <a title="miar2020" href="http://miar.ub.edu/issn/2215-4507" target="_blank" rel="noopener">MIAR</a><br><strong>Publishing entity of the journal:</strong> Universidad Nacional, School of Veterinary Medicine.<br><strong>Frequency:</strong> Biannual (January-June and July-December).<br><strong>Descriptors:</strong> Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Public Health.<br><strong>Contact e-mail:</strong> ciencias.veterinarias.cr@una.ac.cr</p> <p>You can find our articles in the <a title="portal" href="/index.php" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Universidad Nacional Journal Portal</a>.<br>We remind you to visit our link on the <a title="normas para autores" href="/index.php/veterinaria/about/submissions#authorGuidelines">Publication Guidelines</a> before sending us your article.</p>https://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/18798Bottom board trap as an alternative in the integrated control of the mite Varroa destructor in Africanized honey bee colonies2023-07-09T12:02:59-06:00Rafael A. Calderón-FallasFernando Ramírez-AriasLuis Sánchez-Chaves
<p>The effectiveness of the bottom board trap to control the mite <em>Varroa destructor</em><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span> in Africanized honey bee colonies was evaluated from June to September 2017 in Atenas, Alajuela. Naturally fallen mites were collected during a 30-day period with a bottom board trap, which consisted of a wooden bottom (50 x 42 cm) modified with a metal lattice and a screen of six holes per cm2. A white piece of cardboard previously gridded and coated with a thin layer of Vaseline to help count the number of fallen mites was placed inside the trap. The cardboard was replaced every seven days. After 30 days, the remaining mites were eliminated, and the effectiveness of the method was determined by applying four strips of flumethrin to each hive for six weeks. Furthermore, the mortality of the different Varroa stages in a sealed (operculated) worker brood was evaluated. Naturally fallen Varroa mites were 715 ± 531 (n= 5) during a 30-day period. Mite mortality occurred mainly during day 22 with 335 ± 285, whereas the lowest number was collected on day one with 30 ± 13 mites. After applying flumethrin, mite mortality was 2072 ± 1874. The above allows us to establish that the number of mites that fell naturally and those eliminated from the hive by means of the bottom trap corresponded to 25.7%. In addition, it was determined that Varroa mortality in capped worker brood cells was less than 10.0%. In conclusion, the bottom board trap eliminated more than a quarter of the mites in the beehives; consequently, this method may be considered as an alternative in the integrated Varroa management in Africanized honey bees.</p>
2023-07-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/18416OSTEOFITOS VERTEBRALES EN TOROS DE MONTA Estudio anatómico con consideraciones el ínicas2023-05-31T00:26:43-06:00Hanan Gloobe
<p>Fue descrito un caso de osteofitos vertebrales en un toro de monta. La mayoría de los osteofitos <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>eran de cuarto grado, es decir, unión completa entre las vértebras adyacentes. El autor atribuye este grado severo del fenómeno a la posición erecta del toro, durante los repetidos saltos, además a la avanzada edad.</p>
1982-06-05T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/18415EDITORIAL2023-05-31T00:18:56-06:00Jorge Quirós Arce1982-03-05T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/18414LAS GARRAPATAS Y SU ROL EN LA EPIZOOTIOLOGIA DE LA PESTE PORCINA AFRICANA (PPA)2023-05-31T00:10:53-06:00B. von Zakrzewski
<p>La presente nota es una revisión bibliográfica <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>sobre la importancia que revisten las garrapatas en la transmisión, propagación y mantenimiento de la Peste Porcina Africana (PPA), en una región afectada por esta enfermedad. Los estudios en dicho campo se realizaron en Africa, Europa y E.E.U.U., mientras que de América Latina no se dispone de información hasta el momento.</p>
2022-06-05T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/18413DECLARACION DE PRINCIPIOS DE LA PROFESION VETERINARIA2023-05-31T00:06:07-06:00Carlos Luis de Cuenca
<p>La profesión veterinaria es una de las más antiguas del mundo civilizado y de las más viejas tradiciones humanas.<span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span><br>Posiblemente coincidió en un principio con el ejercicio de la medicina humana en la persona o grupos de personas que la practicaban, pero a lo largo de la historia se separó en un cuerpo de doctrina propio, procedente del tronco común de las ciencias aplicadas, y se especializó y se diversificó hasta constituir el ejercicio de una profesión y de una tecnologla.</p>
1981-06-05T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/18412Comentario de libro: OUIMICA MEDICA METODOS FUNDAMENTALES EN LA BUSOUEDA DE NUEVOS FARMACOS2023-05-31T00:02:08-06:00Sergio Vindas
<p>Además del farmacólogo, este libro presenta especialmente una visión interesante para profesores de Ciencias Básicas (fisiólogos, bioquímicos, químicos, etc.) de la utilidad y aplicación en la práctica de sus conocimientos <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>por medio de la qu ímica médica.</p>
1981-06-05T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/18411Traducciones y resúmenes2023-05-30T23:58:27-06:00Revista Ciencias Veterinarias
<p>Resúmenes de documentos variados. <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
1981-06-05T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/18409LA DETERMINACION DE PROGESTERONA EN LECHE COMO UN PARAMETRO EN EL CONTROL DE LA FERTILIDAD EN BOVINOS2023-05-30T23:53:36-06:00Vivian GonzálezRichard Taylor
<p>El no retorno al estro y la palpación del <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>tracto reproductivo por personai calificado han sido los métodos clásicos utilizados para el diagnóstico de preñez en bovinos (29, 42). La utilización del primer método en bovinos puede conducir a un descenso en la tasa de fertilidad del hato (20), ya que para que resulte efectivo es imprescindible una detección exacta del estro por parte del personal de la finca que garantice la inseminación en el momento adecuado (5, 6, 15, 29, 45).</p>
2022-06-05T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/18408HALLAZGO DE LINOGNATHUS VITULI EN BOVINOS DE COSTA RICA2023-05-30T23:33:45-06:00Jorge VelázquezMarco PodestáLex Cordero
<p>Se describe el hallazgo de Linognathus vituli en terneros de las razas Holstein y Jersey de una finca ubicada, en las faldas del volcán Poás (1.800 m de altitud) resaltándose como síntoma<br>llamativo los frecuentes lamidos del pelo de los <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>animales.</p>
1981-06-05T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17997Diuresis paradójica en dislocación a la derecha y torción del abomaso en ganado lechero2023-01-30T01:08:09-06:00Antonio A. AlfaroEdward A. UsenikDonna L. StevensJerry B. Stevens
<p>Se colectaron muestras de sangre y de orina de diez vacas Holstein referidas al Hospital de Especies Mayores de la Universidad de Minnesota, Estados Unidos, para corrección de dislocación del abomaso a la derecha con torsión. El propósito fue evaluar la habilidad renal para concentrar la orina en esta enfermedad. Los análisis apropiados de laboratorio fueron realizados para determinar la osmolalidad en el suero y la orina, la gravedad específica de la orina, la concentración de glucosa en el plasma y la orina y la concentraciones de sodio y nitrógeno uréico en el suero y orina.<br>La proporción entre la osmolalidad del suero y la orina resultó ser menor de lo esperado en animales deshidratados. Cuando se realizaron los análisis de correlación, la gravedad espec ífica de la orina corregida para la glucosa, mantuvo una correlación negativa con la osmolalidad del suero sanguíneo (r = -0,69; P < 0,05) y con la glucosa del plasma (r = -0,82; P < 0,001). La hiperglicemia y la glucosuria fueron el hallazgo más consistente. Los valores para el sodio en la orina resultaron muy bajos en la mayoría de los casos. <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>La habilidad renal para concentrar la orina se consideró alterada y se concluyó que su causa primaria fue la diuresis osmótica producto de la hiperglicemia.</p>
1981-05-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17996Clínica y patología de la intoxicación con Brachiaria Radicans Napper (Tannergrass)2023-01-30T00:49:21-06:00Jorge Villalobos S.Ana Meneses G.Sandra León C.Guido Carballo C.
<p>Quince vacas fuero·n introducidas a un repasto de Brachiaria radicans napper, y diez como control a un repasto de Estrella africana (Cynodon plectostachiumJ. Los animales fueron examinados clínicamente y se les determinó metahemoglobina, urea y cr~atinina sanguínea. La orina de los mismos fue sometida a examen general. <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>La sintomatología, los hallazgos anatomopatológicos y la química sanguínea indicaron que en la intoxicación por Brachiaria radicans napper, además de los nitratos-nitritos existen otros factores<br>etiopatogenéticos importantes.</p>
1981-05-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17875Senna cobanensis poisoning in zebu calves: First case report2022-12-19T00:47:27-06:00Carolina Vargas-MuñozMariana Vargas-MuñozLuis Sánchez-ChavesAlejandro Alfaro-AlarcónCarlos Alpízar-SolísCarlos Luna-Tortós
<p>Plants of the genus <em>Senna</em> belong to the <em>Fabaceae</em><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span> family and globally they are distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Some species of this genus contain products of secondary metabolism, which have been associated with toxic myopathy and hepatic necrosis in different animal species. The goal of this case report was to document for the first time in Costa Rica myotoxicity in calves associated to the consumption of Senna cobanensis, a Senna species that had not been previously reported as myotoxic in the literature, which resulted in 4 affected animals out of 18 and 2 deaths out of the 4 affected. The case took place in a zebu cattle farm in the Central Pacific region of Costa Rica in December 2019. A clinical examination was conducted of the calves, and their diet was analyzed. Locomotor problems were found such as paraparesis and increased AST and CK-NAC activity consistent with muscle tissue damage. The histopathologic analysis revealed degeneration and necrosis of muscle fibers. Other myopathic agents such as selenium deficiency and ionophore intoxication were ruled out. According to the results obtained in the study, it is concluded that Senna cobanensis is another species of the genus that causes myotoxicity in cattle.</p>
2022-12-07T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17874Review of the presence of small hive beetle, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) infesting colonies of native stingless bees (Apidae: Meliponini)2022-12-19T00:28:23-06:00Rafael A. Calderón-FallasLuis A. Sánchez-Chaves
<p>The breeding and care of native stingless bees is known as “meliponiculture”, an ancient activity of environmental and socioeconomic importance. In Costa Rica, there are more than 50 species of stingless bees, Melipona (Jicotes) and Tetragonisca (mariolas) being the most used genus by meliponiculturists. The small hive beetle, <em>Aethina tumida</em> (Murray 1867), is native to sub-Saharan Africa, where it is considered a minor pest among African honey bees. However, since its detection in honey bee hives of European origin in the United States (1998), it is considered an invasive pest causing serious problems for beekeeping. Both larvae and adult beetles feed on honey, pollen, and bee brood in Apis mellifera nests. In addition, it has great adaptability to different environments, from tropical conditions to temperate climates. It has been reported in different countries, such as Canada, Mexico, Cuba, and Brazil. The first report on Africanized bees in Central America was in El Salvador, then in Nicaragua, and was later confirmed in Costa Rica and Guatemala. It is reported that A. tumida can infest colonies of native stingless bees (meliponinos) and bumble bee (<em>Bombus sp</em>.). Its presence has been reported in colonies of <em>Melipona beecheii, Dactylurina staudingerii, Trigona carbonaria, Austroplebeia australis, Melipona rufiventris, Plebeia frontalis</em>, and <em>Bombus impatiens</em><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>. In Costa Rica, even though systematic research of the beetle in colonies of native stingless bees has not been conducted, to date its presence has not been reported. In a preliminary monitoring, colonies of M. beecheii, located near the initial focus of detection of the beetle in La Cruz, Guanacaste, were examined, resulting negative. Since meliponiculture is conducted in different regions of Costa Rica, native stingless bee colonies should be monitored for small hive beetles.</p>
2022-12-07T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17867Hemoparasites in horses from the Mounted Police Unit of the Costa Rican Ministry of Public Security2022-12-16T00:24:30-06:00Jéssica Arguedas HerreraAntony Solórzano MoralesGaby Dolz
<p>There are intracellular hemoparasites (protozoan and bacterial) that parasitize various blood cells and extracellular hemoparasites, such as protozoan Trypanosoma evansi, that cause diseases in both animals and humans. In tropical areas such as Costa Rica, the transmission of hemoparasites is favored by the abundance of hematophagous arthropods acting as biological vectors (for example, ticks are biological vectors of the protozoa Babesia sp. and Theileria sp. and bacteria such as Ehrlichia sp. and Anaplasma sp.) and mechanical vectors (flies and horseflies are mechanical vectors of Anaplasma marginale and Trypanosoma evansi). The objective of this study was to determine the presence of blood parasites (Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp., Babesia caballi, Theileria equi, and Trypanosoma evansi) in equines of the Costa Rican Mounted Police Unit and the relationship with their general health condition. A total of 41 equines underwent a clinical examination. Blood and ectoparasite samples were later taken from the equines as well as from their environment. The subjects’ clinical history (previous conditions and results of recent blood counts) was also reviewed. DNA was extracted and analyzed from the samples (blood and arthropods) using different protocols of the conventional or real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Eight (19.5%) horses were positive for hemoparasites, a new Anaplasma species (n=2), co-infection of this new Anaplasma species with B. caballi (n=2), B. caballi (n=1), T. equi (n=1), new species of Ehrlichia (n=1), and in one horse only the presence of Anaplasmataceae could be detected. Stomoxys calcitrans collected near the horses were positive for B. caballi. Both PCR positive and PCR negative horses presented anemia in the absence of clinical signs. The complete genome of the two new pathogens detected in horses (Anaplasma sp. and Ehrlichia sp.) should be sequenced, and the vectorial competence of Stomoxys calcitrans flies should be investigated for hemoparasites in horses.<br><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2023-01-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17866Molecular characterization of the Newcastle disease virus that caused an outbreak in backyard birds in Costa Rica in 20152022-12-16T00:07:54-06:00Bernal LeónJuan M. Cordero-SolórzanoIdania ChacónOlga AguilarGuisella ChavesMónica GuzmánFabián CarvajalRonaldo Chaves
<p>Costa Rica gained its Newcastle Disease Virus NDV-free status with vaccination according to OIE proceedings in 1996, and its declaration as a country free of the velogenic, viscerotropic form of this disease (G/SPS/GEN/119) presented to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1999. On April 24th, 2015, SENASA (National Animal Health Service) attended a velogenic Newcastle disease outbreak that affected backyard chickens in a small town (Bellavista, Guanacaste) in the northern part of the country, near the Nicaraguan border. Sixty-five backyard birds died from a total of 84 exposed animals. Blood samples, cloacal swabs, tracheal swabs, cecal tonsils, lung and trachea tissues were collected for diagnosis at the National Veterinary Services Laboratory (LANASEVE). These samples were screened for Avian Influenza (AIV) and NDV. All samples were negative for Avian Influenza in ELISA test and RT-PCR. Serum samples were positive for NDV antibody by hemagglutination inhibition test, and tissue and swab samples were positive for NDV by conventional RT-qPCR targeting a 310 bp fragment of the virus fusion protein gene. The amino acid sequence of the protease cleavage site within the amplicon matched the sequence of a virulent strain (112RRQKRF117). The nucleotide sequence had a 98.7% identity and an e value of 4e-153 with a genotype V velogenic sequence from Belize (KF767467) and Honduras (JN872194) collected in 2008 and 2007, respectively, according to BLASTN. A total of 3604 backyard birds were euthanized in town and its surroundings (1 km), including 3495 chickens, 66 turkeys, 6 geese, and 37 ducks. The case was considered resolved, and OIE was notified in November 2015 following OIE guidelines. In April 2017, Costa Rica recovered its disease-free status through executive decree No. 40301-MAG.<br><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2023-01-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17466Human ascariasis, an evolutionary complex relationship between host and parasite2022-09-19T21:51:24-06:00Mario BaldiNorberto Baldi
<p>La ascariasis es una enfermedad parasitaria que diezma la salud de cientos de miles de seres humanos, especialmente en los países en desarrollo. Sin embargo, la falta de profilaxis adecuada del parásito, asociado con un mayor riesgo de sufrir enfermedades inmunes, es un problema principalmente en los países desarrollados donde la prevalencia del parásito es muy baja. La relación evolutiva y los mecanismos por los cuales el parásito fue capaz de colonizar y establecerse en el huésped humano aún no se han descifrado. Del mismo modo, los mecanismos inmunes (proximales) de respuesta del huésped para eliminar o controlar el parásito no se entienden completamente. La comprensión de estos mecanismos nos permitirá establecer mejores tratamientos médicos, evitando efectos indeseables y más enfocados en el control de la parasitosis, así como para la terapia de estas enfermedades inmunológicas asociadas con la relación huésped-ascárido.<span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2022-07-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17552Atherosclerosis in a cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus): Case report in Costa Rica2022-09-16T14:16:32-06:00Beatriz Valverde RodríguezAida Chaves Hernandez
<p>A ten-year old female cockatiel (<em>Nymphicus hollandicus</em><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>) that suddenly died during the veterinary examination was analyzed through histopathology in the laboratory of the Avian Pathology Diagnostic Unit, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional. Macroscopic lesions showed thickening of the ascending aorta and of the aortic bifurcation, multiple nodules and tortuous vessels. Atherosclerotic lesions with variable severity were also observed. The present case report provides a description and characterization of the histopathological lesions of arteriosclerosis. The available diagnostic methods, preventive measures, and possible treatments against this avian pathology in Costa Rica are mentioned.</p>
2022-06-05T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17488Evaluation of the physiological, hematological and biochemical profile related to the physiology of the exercise of horse submitted the lace modality2022-08-30T00:59:46-06:00Rayssa Ludmila MenegattiAlexsander Toniazzo de MatosJorge Alfonso Morales-DonosoCristiane Maria Fernandes de Melo
<p>The objective of this research was to verify the physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters of horses submitted to the lace modality in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Six males and two females were evaluated in two moments, before and after the exercise, characterized as M0 and M1. Regarding the physiological parameters, referring to rectal temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate in the M0 were (37,23 ± 0,25, 42,75± 6,22 and 29,75 ± 8,77), respectively, while in the M1 (37,97 ± 0,34, 64,35 ± 13,34, 60,87 ± 11,28), showing an increase after the loop test. In the erythrogram, only a change in the VCM result was observed after the exercise, as it occurs due to the increase of the erythrocytes and the release of young erythrocytes by the bone marrow. As for the biochemical parameters, there was an increase in M1 only in the result of the measurement of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and reduction of blood glucose. The results showed that physiological, hematological and biochemical changes occurred after the tests in horses, due to the physiological requirements for the equine exercise. The highest changes were observed in the physiological results, as well as the VCM, AST, LDH, CK and blood glucose of the horses submitted to the tie test in this work.<span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2022-07-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17238Post mortem findings and bacterial characterization of equine salmonella septicemia. A case report2022-08-25T00:08:13-06:00Enid SeguraErnesto Rojas SánchezCarla MurilloPatricio RazquínLohendy MuñozElias Barquero-CalvoAlejandro Alfaro-Alarcón
<p>The first duly confirmed case of equine salmonellosis in Costa Rica is described, a seven-month-old Ibero-American filly with a four-week-long case of diarrhea and poor body condition. The presence of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica was confirmed through a bacteriological study of stool samples. In the post-mortem study, severe extensive ulcerative and necrotizing typhlocolitis was observed.<br><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2022-07-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/17228Evidence of porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) in a swine farm in Costa Rica2022-07-04T08:13:39-06:00Laura ChaverriFernando ChacónEvelyn Espinach RoelDaniel Zeledón
<p>The presence of the pathogen Porcine Circovirus 3 (PCV3) is reported for the first time in Costa Rica in a swine farm located in the province of Cartago. The Real Time PCR technique was used. From a total of 56 pools of blood samples from animals with respiratory symptomatology and emaciation, 32 tested positive (57.14%) for PCV3, while 24 tested negative (42.86%). Only one case tested positive for PCV2 and negative for PCV3. The presence of this disease in the country must be monitored in order to know its epidemiology and its possible impact on the national swine herd.<br><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2022-07-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2022 Revista Ciencia Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/16581Analysis of the Mechanical Resistance of the Lidia Bull Horns. Influence of the Sheathing2022-02-21T09:04:46-06:00Juan Manuel LomillosJosé Ramiro González-MontañaMarta Elena Alonso
<p>The bull horns are the most delicate anatomical part of this animal since its offensive and easily stressful character causes them to suffer traumatic injuries during the year prior to the show. Currently, the horn is protected with a fiberglass sleeve to protect its integrity. The present work studies the mechanical resistance of bull horns, analyzing the possible influence of the sheath on them. For this, horns have been collected from 50 fighting bulls, 4 to 5 years old, 25 of which had been sheathed 6 months before their show. The mechanical resistance of horns has been analyzed in the distal, middle, and proximal parts, using the Instron Electropulse E10000 equipment, following a methodology like that used by Horcajada et al. (2009). Three mechanical resistance tests were performed: direct compression, indirect traction, and flexo-traction; they showed high resistance of the horn, without differences between its different parts. A beneficial effect of the sheath is observed, favoring a greater thickness of the keratin envelope at the proximal part of the horn; the thickness was greater in the sheathed horns. In addition, greater resistance of the horns sheathed is observed in the indirect traction test; the horns of greater longitudinal and diameter resisted the highest pressures, and the corneal bone mostly absorbed the pressure exerted.<br><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2022-01-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/16555Anatomical and radiographic study on the appendicular skeleton of the Tamandua mexicana2022-02-21T09:04:46-06:00Ariana Calvo VarelaMauren Hernández ValerioDominique Villalobos MoralesAlison Fernández MesénKatherina Alpizar MorenoDennis Salas ZamoraDaniel Miranda FernándezLaura Chaverri EsquivelAndréia Passos Pequeno
<p><em>Tamandua mexicana</em> species has an important role in the natural ecosystem as a pest controller, feeding on insects such as termites. One of the main anatomical adaptations that this species has undergone has been to its thoracic extremities. Having detailed knowledge regarding the osteology of the thoracic limbs of <em>T. mexicana</em> provides a strong base for its application in clinical-surgical practice. In addition to collaborating with the greater understanding of animal physiology and behavior. Because there was a lack of description about the appendicular skeleton anatomy of this species, the objective of this investigation was to describe the osteology and the radiographic anatomy of the appendicular skeleton of the <em>T. mexicana</em>. The bones used belonging to the appendicular skeleton of two specimens of <em>T. mexicana</em> were properly cleaned using standard boiling and maceration techniques. The morphometry of the bones was performed using a measuring tape, pachymeter, and radiographies. With this study, it was possible to identify and describe the anatomical peculiarities such as the presence of the double scapular spine that shapes the caudolateral fossa, and at the end of the humerus, the supratrochlear foramen, in addition to a markedly prominent medial epicondyle. In addition, a difference was observed between metacarpal bones and the phalanges of the third digit compared to the other ones, as it is significantly thicker. These findings reinforced the evidence that a certain degree of anatomical specialization is a result of an adaptation of this species to its environment and diet. The knowledge provided by research like this contributes to the improvement of surgical techniques and diagnostic approach in the species.<span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2022-01-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/16597Canine Protothecosis in Costa Rica: What to Look For and When to Suspect?2022-02-21T09:04:46-06:00Natalia B. Campos-GonzálezAlejandra Calderón-HernándezÉrika Valverde-AltamiranoAlejandro Alfaro-Alarcón
<p>Protothecosis is a disease caused by unicellular, achlorophilic, saprophyte, and opportunistic algae of the genus <em>Prototheca</em>, affecting mainly animals with immunodeficiencies. In canines with the intestinal form, it causes bloody diarrhea, which can progress to a systemic disease. At the same time, skin lesions are common in felines. In Costa Rica, <em>P. zopfii</em> is the species identified with the highest frequency, and <em>P. wickerhamii</em> was identified once. Prototheca spp. can be diagnosed using different techniques, such as cytology, histopathology, endoscopy, culture, polymerase chain reaction, biochemical method, and others. Currently, the recommended treatment is the use of amphotericin B and itraconazole, which have been reported to be effective in felines; however, there is no effective treatment in canines with systemic disease. Surgery is recommended in cases of cutaneous lesions.<span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2022-01-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/16579Conservative Management of Equine Paraphimosis: Review and Clinical Case Report2022-02-21T09:04:46-06:00Juan Estrada-McDermottMiguel Somarriba-SoleyValeria ZamoraJavier Montero-UmañaEdgar Alfaro-UmañaJosé Vargas-ArrietaManuel Estrada-Umaña
<p>A 5-year-old Costa Rican Paso stallion had a penis trauma during coitus and developed paraphimosis complicated with edema, hematoma, local infection, and cutaneous ulcerations. A literature review about relevant aspects of this topic is performed, including animal welfare in horse breeding. Considering that penis trauma is a relatively frequent problem in equines, it is important to publish this information to benefit the general veterinary practitioner working under field conditions without suitable equine hospital support, as it happens in some countries. This paper describes how to manufacture and use a homemade genital suspender (jockstrap) properly for the successful conservative management of the problem. General instructions to prevent accidents related to the equine coitus are mentioned; this is also an important topic to avoid animal abuse.<span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p>
2022-01-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/16317PUESTA EN MARCHA DE LA ASISTENCIA VETERINARIA PLANIFICADA EN GANADO DE LECHE2021-11-01T00:15:54-06:00Angel Berrío G.Enrique Cappella M.Enrique Pérez G.
<p>La Medicina Veterinaria a principios de siglo, <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>encaminaba su rumbo hacia la identificación y control de enfermedades en una zona determinada, concentrándose particularmente en aquellas enfermedades que eran responsables de una mortalidad excesiva. A medida que éstas se fueron controlando, el énfasis pasó a la propiedad individual, a los individuos afectados por enfermedades reconocibles. Esto ha traído un considerable beneficio económico al productor, pero sufre de la deficiencia que el ganadero debe reconocer estas enfermedades, para así buscar asistencia veterinaria</p>
1981-05-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/16315Documentación Fotográfica: Paratuberculosis2021-10-31T23:07:17-06:00Eduardo Avalos
<p>Enteritis Paratuberculosa<span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span></p> <p>Corazón de bovino</p>
1981-04-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/16313EL SINDROME SMEDI ASOCIADO A INFERTILIDAD EN LA CERDA2021-10-31T23:03:14-06:00Lenita C. DuncanS. RamosManuel Padilla
<p>En la presente monografía se enfocan los principales aspectos relacionados con el síndrome Smedi y los trastornos reproductivos que<br>causa en las cerdas. Esta enfermedad tiene gran importancia desde el punto de vista económico, debido al alto porcentaje de crías que hace perder.<br>Se necesita un mayor conocimiento de la epizootiología de la enfermedad para establecer <span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>un programa profiláctico eficaz,</p>
1981-04-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/16316INFORME PRELIMINAR DEL DIAGNOSTICO PARTICULAR DE LA ESTOMATITIS VESICULAR EN BOVINOS DE LA REPUBLICA DE COSTA RICA (1979)2021-10-31T23:01:48-06:00Celio Barreto
<p>Documento de información.</p>
1981-04-01T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/15766Post Mortem Diagnosis of Canine Trypanosomiasis Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction2021-07-08T22:50:50-06:00Andrea UrbinaJuan Alberto MoralesDiana VargasMaría MéndezMilena ArgüelloSilvia AcevedoLuis Ricardo CorralesAlejandro Alfaro
<p>This study aimed to detect <em>Trypanosoma cruzi</em> kDNA from paraffin-embedded cardiac tissue in eighteen dogs with myocarditis which presented sudden death and /or signs suggestive of canine trypanosomiasis. The PCR was positive in 7 dogs with myocarditis and amastigotes of <em>T. cruzi</em><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span> and in 11 dogs with myocarditis but with no evidence of parasites. Clinical and pathological findings in these canines are described.</p>
2021-06-27T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinariashttps://www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/veterinaria/article/view/15723An Anatomical and Radiographic Study on the Vertebral Column of the Two-Toed Sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni)2021-07-08T02:58:48-06:00Maripaz Chinchilla-BarbozaSiam Chiquillo-VergaraValeria Delgado-ÁlvarezSusan Gutiérrez-GutiérrezJohnny Steven Mora-AlemanJonathan Gerardo Páez-PadillaJorge Sanchez-BermudezAndréia Passos-Pequeno
<p>The <em>Choloepus Hoffmani</em> is a mammal belonging to the Xenarthra superorder; xenarthrans are distributed from North to South America. It is common for these animals to require medical attention at wildlife rescue centers after being attacked by domestic animals or run over by cars. A proper understanding of this species’ anatomy is vital in order to be able to offer them a proper level of clinical attention. This publication aims to describe the spine’s anatomical and radiographic characteristics of the <em>Choloepus Hoffmani</em>. Four individuals were used in this research; the spine bones were cleaned by boiling and maceration. In the results, it was possible to observe how the postcranial axial skeleton in the sloths is made up by five of distinctive vertebra types. In the spine were found: six cervical vertebrae, a variable number of thoracic vertebrae, xenarthrous lumbar vertebrae, and a fusion between the sacrum and coxal bone. Finally, four underdeveloped caudal vertebrae were also identified in a small stump-like tail. Radiographically, no pathologies were observed in the alignment or structure of the spine. In conclusion, the present study described both the osteology alongside the anatomical radiography of the vertebral column of the <em>Choloepus hoffmani</em><span id="transmark" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;"></span>, highlighting the particularities that are not found in domestic mammals and other members of the Xenarthra superorder. Information of this kind is relevant for forensic wildlife analysis, alongside aiding the treatment of animals in this species who suffered lesions in their spine.</p>
2021-06-27T00:00:00-06:00Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Ciencias Veterinarias