Desafios e oportunidades de mudança global para a sustentação na América Central
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/rca.60-1.2Palavras-chave:
mudanças climáticas, desenvolvimento sustentável, gestão integrada de recursos hídricos, mudança global, impactos ambientaisResumo
[Introdução]: A mudança global planta desafios urgentes para a América Central, incluindo o aumento de desastres hidrometeorológicos, a contaminação ambiental e a degradação de solos. [Objetivos]: Este estudo analisa tendências socioambientais entre 1990 e 2020, utilizando conjuntos de dados integrais do Banco Mundial e EM-DAT. [Metodologia]: Através da análise de correlação, específica por país, são identificadas relações estatísticas complexas entre variáveis socioeconômicas e ambientais. [Resultados]: Os hallazgos destacam interações críticas, como a relação entre a diversificação econômica, os atrasos na agricultura e o crescimento do PIB, que paradoxalmente acompanham um aumento nas emissões de CO2. O consumo de energia renovável surge como um fator chave para mitigar as queimas de carbono, enquanto a gestão sustentável dos recursos hídricos demonstra ser essencial para a resiliência econômica ao longo do caminho. [Conclusões]: Estes resultados oferecem perspectivas inovadoras sobre as dinâmicas do crescimento econômico, das práticas agrícolas e da estabilidade ambiental na região. Abordar esses desafios multifacéticos por meio de estratégias coordenadas e integradas permitirá à Centroamérica fortalecer sua perspectiva regional, preencher vazios de investigação, salvar seus recursos naturais e promover um futuro sustentável e resiliente por meio de iniciativas e projetos de instituições internacionais, regionais e nacionais.
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