Desafíos y oportunidades del cambio global para la sostenibilidad en Centroamérica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/rca.60-1.2Palabras clave:
cambio climático;, cambio global;, desarrollo sostenible;, gestión integrada de recursos hídricos;, impactos ambientales;Resumen
[Introducción]: El cambio global plantea desafíos urgentes para Centroamérica, incluyendo el aumento de desastres hidrometeorológicos, la contaminación ambiental y la degradación de suelos. [Objetivos]: Este estudio analiza tendencias socioambientales entre 1990 y 2020, utilizando conjuntos de datos integrales del Banco Mundial y EM-DAT. [Metodología]: A través de análisis de correlación, específicos por país, se identifican relaciones estadísticas complejas entre variables socioeconómicas y ambientales. [Resultados]: Los hallazgos destacan interacciones críticas, como la relación entre la diversificación económica, lejos de la agricultura y el crecimiento del PIB, que paradójicamente se acompaña de un aumento en las emisiones de CO2. El consumo de energía renovable surge como un factor clave para mitigar las huellas de carbono, mientras que la gestión sostenible de los recursos hídricos demuestra ser esencial para la resiliencia económica a largo plazo. [Conclusiones]: Estos resultados ofrecen valiosas perspectivas sobre las dinámicas del crecimiento económico, las prácticas agrícolas y la sostenibilidad ambiental en la región. Abordar estos desafíos multifacéticos mediante estrategias coordinadas e integradas permitirá a Centroamérica fortalecer su perspectiva regional, llenar vacíos de investigación, salvaguardar sus recursos naturales y promover un futuro sostenible y resiliente a través de iniciativas y proyectos de instituciones internacionales, regionales y nacionales.
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