América Latina: Um paraíso da poluição ambiental?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/rca.55-2.1Palavras-chave:
poluição, renda, IDE, curva de Kuznets ambiental, paraíso da poluiçãoResumo
[Introdução]: A deterioração ambiental a nível mundial é um tema de constante preocupação que tem desencadeado múltiplos esforços para encontrar os seus determinantes, como também para questionar o estilo de crescimento que os diferentes países adoptam. [Objetivo]: Evidenciar empiricamente a relação entre poluição, renda por pessoa e investimento estrangeiro direto (IDE) na América Latina. [Metodologia]: Empregando um painel de dados de mínimos quadrados generalizados viáveis (MCGV) anuais entre 1980 e 2015 em 15 países da América Latina, usando a teoria da curva de Kuznets ambiental (CKA) e o Paraíso da poluição ambiental (PCA). Os níveis mais elevados de IDE estão associados a aumentos da poluição, mas esta relação é conseguida investindo quando as economias latino-americanas melhoram a sua renda per capita acima dos 10 380 USD, em média. Verifica-se a hipótese da curva de Kuznets ambiental e há indicações de que a região latino-americana é considerada um Paraíso da poluição ambiental, descobertas que somam os esforços para rever as políticas de atração de IDE na região.
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