Acute Effect of Static and Dynamic Stretching on Performance and Perception of Exertion in Resistance Exercise
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to compare the acute effect of static and dynamic inter-set stretching on performance during resistance training. Thirty physically active and apparently healthy male subjects took part in the study with a minimum experience of four months in resistance training. The mean of age was 23.4 ± 3.2 years; the body mass was 71.7 ± 6.0 kg; the height was 172 ± 6.1cm; the body fat percentage represented 16. 3 ± 5.3%; and the lean mass was 34.5 ± 3.2 kg. Then, subjects were randomly distributed in groups: control group (without stretching inter series), group with static inter series stretching (SS), and group with dynamic inter series stretching (DS). The groups were homogeneous in the 1RM (F (2.29) = 0.77, p = .47). Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the behavior of the variables related to performance: (F(2,29) = 1.37, p = .27, ωp2 = .02) in the fatigue index, (F(2,29) = 2.25, p =.12, ωp2 = .07) in the total number of repetitions. Neither significant differences were observed in the perceived exertion (F(2,29) = 0.46, p =.63, ωp2 = -.03). It is concluded that the performance expressed in the fatigue index and total number of repetitions, as well as the perceived exertion, is not acutely affected by the use of inter-series static or dynamic stretching.
References
American Collage of Sport Medicine. (2014). ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 9th Ed. Lippicontt Williams & Wilkins.
Amiri-Khorasani M., & Kellis E. (2015). Acute Effects of Different Agonist and Antagonist Stretching Arrangements on Static and Dynamic Range of Motion, Asian J Sports Med. 6(4): e26844. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.26844
Bacurau, R. F., Monteiro, G. A., Ugrinowitsch, C., Tricoli, V., Cabral, L. F., & Aoki, M. S. (2009). Acute effect of a ballistic and a static stretching exercise bout on flexibility and maximal strength. J Strength Cond Res 23, 304-308. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181874d55
Barroso, R., Tricoli, V. Santos-Gil, S. D., Ugrinowitsch, C., & Roschel, H. (2012). Maximal strength, number of repetitions, and total volumen are differently affected by static-ballistic and propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching. J Strength Cond Res 26, 2432-2437. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31823f2b4d
Beedle, B., Rytter, S. J., Healy, R. C., & Ward, T. R. (2008). Pretesting static and dynamic stretching does not affect maximal strength. J Strength Cond Res, 22 (6),1838-43. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181821bc9.
Behm, D. G., & Chaouachi, A. (2011). A review of the acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology 111(11), 2633-2651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-011-1879-2.
Costa, O., Alonso-Aubin, D. A., Patrocinio, C., Candia-Luján, R., y de Paz, J. A. (2015). Métodos de evaluación de la composición corporal: una revisión actualizada de descripción, aplicación, ventajas y desventajas. Arch Med Deporte, 32(6), 387-394. http://www.elementssystem.com/pdfs/Costa%20.pdf
Costa, P. B., Herda, T. J., Herda, A. A., & Cramer, J. T. (2014). Effects of dynamic stretching on strength, muscle imbalance, and muscle activation. Med Sci Sports Exerc,46(3), 586-93. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000138
Costa, P. B., Ruas, C. V., & Smith, C. M. (2017). Effects of stretching and fatigue on peak torque, muscle imbalance and stability. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 58 (7-8). https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07072-4
Endlich, P.W., Farina, G. R., Dambroz, C., Gonçalves, W. L., Moysés, M. R., Mill, J. R., & Abreu, G. R. (2009). Acute effects of static stretching in dynamic force performance in young men. Rev Bras Med Esporte, 15 (3), 200-203. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-86922009000300007
Fowles, J., Sale, D., & MacDougall, J. (2000). Reduced strength after passive stretch of the human plantar flexors. J Appl Physiol, 89 (3), 1179-1188. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.89.3.1179
Franco, B. L., Signorelli, G. R., Trajano, G. S., & Oliveira, C. G. (2008). Acute effects of different stretching exercises on muscular endurance. J Strength Cond Res 22, 1832-1837. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31818218e1
Gomes, T. M., Simao, R., Marques, M.C., Costa, PB., & da Silva-Novaes., J. (2011). Acute effects of two different stretching methods on local muscular endurance performance. J Strength Cond Res 25, 745-752. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181cc236a
Karelis, A. D., Chamberland, G., Aubertin-Leheudre, M., & Duval, C. (2013). Validation of a portable bioelectrical impedance analyzer for the assessment of body composition. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 38(1), 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2012-0129.
Kay, A. D. & Blazevich, A. J. (2012). Effect of acute static stretch on maximal muscle performance: a systematic review. Med. sci. sports exerc., 44(1), 154–164. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318225cb27
Kubo, K., Kanehisa, H., Kawakami, Y., & Fukunaga, T. (2001). Influence of static stretching on viscoelastic properties of human tendon structures in vivo. J Appl Physiol 90, 520-527. https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.2.520
Laur, D. J., Anderson, T., Geddes, G., Crandall, A., & Pincivero, M. (2003). The effects of acute stretching on hamstring muscle fatigue and perceived exertion. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21, 163-170. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000070886
McHugh, M. P., & Cosgrave, C. H. (2010). To stretch or not to stretch: the role of stretching in injury prevention and perfomance. Scan J Med Sports, 20,169-181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.01058.x
Miranda, H., De Freitas-Maia, M., Andrade-Paz, G., & Costa, P. B. (2015). Acute effects of antagonist static stretching in the inter-set rest period on repetition performance and muscle activation. Research in Sports Medicine, 23, 37–50. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2014.975812
Nelson, A. G., Kokkonen, J., y Arnall, D. A. (2005). Acute muscle stretching inhibits muscle Strength endurance performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(2), 338–343. https://doi.org/10.1519/R-15894.1
Opplert, J., & Babault, N. (2018). Acute Effects of Dynamic Stretching on Muscle Flexibility and Performance: An Analysis of the Current Literature. Sports Med, 48(2), 299-325. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0797-9.
Rabita, G., & Delextrad, A. (2013). Stretching. En Hausswirts. C. y Mujika. I. Recovery for performance in sport (pp.191-201). Champaing: Human Kinetics.
Robertson, R. J., Goss. F. L., Rutkowski, J., Lenz, B., Dixon, C., Timmer, J., & Andreacci, J. (2003). Concurrent Validation of the OMNI Perceived Exertion Scale for Resistance Exercise. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc, 35(2), 333–341. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000048831.15016.2A
Ribeiro, A. S., Romanzini, M., Días, D. F., Ohara, D., da Silva, D. R., Achour, A., & Cyrino, E. S. (2014). Static stretching and performance in multiple sets in the bench press exercise. J Strength Cond Res, 28(4), 1158-63. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000257.
Rubini, E., Costa, A., & Gomes, P. (2007). The effects of stretching on strength performance. Sports Med, 37(3), 213-222. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200737030-00003.
Sekir, U., Arabaci, R., Akova, B., & Kadagan, S. M. (2010). Acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on leg flexor and extensor isokinetic strength in elite women athletes. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 20(2), 268-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00923.x
Serefoglu, A., Sekir, U., Gür, H., & Akova, B. (2017). Effects of static and dynamic stretching on the isokinetic peak torques and electromyographic activities of the antagonist muscles. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 16, 6-13. http://www.jssm.org/hf.php?id=jssm-16-6.xml
Sfrozo, G. A., & Touey, P. R. (1996). Manipulating exercise orden affects muscular performance during a resistence exercise training session. Journal Strength Cond Res, 10, 20-24. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-199602000-00004
Simic, L., Sarabon, N., & Markovic, G. (2013). Does pre-exercise static stretching inhibit maximal muscular performance? A meta-analytical review. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 23, 131–148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01444.x.
Soares-Caldeira, L. F., Ritti-Dias, R. M., Okuno, N. M., Cyrino, E. S., Gurjao, A. L., & Ploutz-Snyder, L. L. (2009). Familiarization indexes in sessions of 1-RM tests in adult women. J Strengthn Cond Res, 23, 2039-2045. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b3e158
Souza, A. C., Melibe-Bentes, C., Freitas de Salles, B., Machado-Reis, V., Vilaça-Alves, J. Miranda, H., & da Silva-Novaes, J. (2013). Influence of inter-set stretching on strength, flexibility and hormonal adaptations. Journal of Human Kinetics 36, 127-135 https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0013
Turki-Belkhiria, L., Chaouachi, A., Turki, O., Chtourou, H., Chtara, M., Chamari, K., … Behm, D. G. (2013). Eight weeks of dynamic stretching during warm-ups improves jump power but not repeated or single sprint performance, Eur J Sport Science, 14(1), 19-27 https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2012.726651
Yamaguchi, T., & Ishii, K. (2005). Effects of static stretching for 30 seconds and dynamic stretching on leg extension power. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(3), 677-683. https://doi.org/10.1519/15044.1
Yamaguchi, T., Ishii, K., Yamanaka, M., & Yasuda, K. (2007). Acute effects of dynamic stretching exercise on power output during concentric dynamic constant external resistance leg extension. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(4), 1238-1244. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16095425/
MHSalud: Journal in Human Movement Sciences and Health by the Universidad Nacional is cover under a Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Costa Rica license.
The journal is hosted in open access repositories such as the Institutional Repository of the Universidad Nacional, the Kimuk Repository of Costa Rica and La Referencia.
The editorial source of the journal must be recognized. Use the doi identifier for this purpose.
Self-archiving policy: The journal allows the self-archiving of the articles in their peer-reviewed version, edited and approved by the Editorial Board of the Journal to be available in Open Access through the Internet. More information in the following link: https://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/25815
Comentarios (ver términos de uso)
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Pedro Ureña Bonilla, Felipe Araya Ramírez, Braulio Sánchez Ureña, Jorge Salas Cabrera, Luis Alberto Blanco Romero, Quality of Life Profile, Overweight-Obesity and Sedentary Behavior in Elementary and High School Children of Guanacaste , Revista Electrónica Educare: Vol 14 No 2 (2010): Revista Electrónica Educare (julio-diciembre)
- Luis Blanco Romero, Pedro Ureña Bonilla, Jorge Salas Cabrera, Braulio Sánchez Ureña, Technical performance profile of the four-time Costa Rican senior basketball league championship team , MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud: Vol 8 No 2 (2011): Movimiento Humano y Salud
- Irina Anchía Umaña, Gerardo Alonso Vargas Araya, Juan Carlos Gutiérrez Vargas, Effect of the application of a multimedia in the acquisition of skills for the evaluation of physical fitness components related to health, in students of Physical Education of the National University , MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud: Vol 9 No 1 (2012): Movimiento Humano y Salud
- Braulio Sánchez Ureña, Jorge Salas Cabrera, Determination of the maximum oxygen consumption of Costa rica’s first division football players in preseason 2008 , MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud: Vol 6 No 2 (2009): Movimiento Humano y Salud
- Inés Revuelta Sánchez, Kevin Cordero Duarte, Dannia Rosales Obando, Juan Diego Soto Fonseca, DIAGNÓSTICO DE UN PROYECTO EDUCATIVO SOBRE LA ESTRATEGIA DEL EJERCICIO FÍSICO Y LA PARTICIPACIÓN PRÁCTICA DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA DIRIGIDO A UN GRUPO DE ADULTOS DE LA COMUNIDAD DE BOLSÓN DE SANTA CRUZ, GUANACASTE , MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud: Vol 10 No 2 (2013): Movimiento Humano y Salud (Diciembre-Agosto)
- María Morera-Castro, Christian Azofeifa-Mora, Viviana Gómez-Barrantes, Ana Azofeifa-Lizano, Daniel Rojas-Valverde, Methodological Proposal to Conduct a Conglomerate Self-Assessment Process in University Careers , Revista Electrónica Educare: Vol 23 No 3 (2019): Revista Electrónica Educare (September-December)
- Daniel Rojas-Valverde, Jose Alexis Ugalde Ramírez, Braulio Sánchez-Ureña, Randall Gutiérrez-Vargas, Influence of Altitude and Environmental Temperature on Muscle Functional and Mechanical Activation After 30' Time Trial Run , MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud: Vol 17 No 1 (2020): Movimiento Humano y Salud (January-June)
- Alejandro Rodríguez-Montero, Jose Alexis Ugalde Ramírez, Daniel Rojas-Valverde, Assessments of Anthropometric, Physiological and Fitness Indicators According to Sex and Age in Participants of a Swimming Program , MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud: Vol 17 No 2 (2020): Movimiento Humano y Salud (July-December)
- Roy Morera-Barrantes, Carlos Calderón-Chaverri, Randall Gutiérrez-Vargas, Daniel Rojas-Valverde, Juan Carlos Gutiérrez-Vargas, Jose Alexis Ugalde Ramìrez, Physical Demands of Costa Rican Professional Soccer Players: Influence of the Playing Position and the Competitive Level , MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud: Vol 18 No 2 (2021): Movimiento Humano y Salud (July-December)
- Jose Pino-Ortega, Alejandro Hernández-Belmonte, Alejandro Bastida-Castillo, Carlos Gómez-Carmona, Daniel Rojas-Valverde, Accuracy and Reliability of Inertial Devices for Load Assessment During Flywheel Workout , MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud: Vol 19 No 1 (2022): Movimiento Humano y Salud (enero-junio)