Home Advantage and Effects of Scoring First in The Costa Rican Professional Soccer. Analysis of Championships 2012/13 - 2018/19
Abstract
Objective: to analyze home advantage and the influence of scoring first on match outcomes in 14 Costa Rican professional soccer championships from 2012/13 to 2018/19.
Methodology: 1848 games were analyzed considering the match outcome (winner, draw, or loser), the localization (home and away), and the order of scoring (first and second). Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were applied.
Results: it was shown that home teams achieved a greater number of victories (Z= -4,51; p< 0,01) and scored more goals (Z= -4,51; p< 0,01) than the away teams. Home advantage was 62.46%, and this did not differ significantly among the championships (H= 10,86; p= 0,62). The advantage of scoring first was 78.86% for home teams and 72.26% for away ones. When the home team scored the first goal, they won 73.73% of their matches, while the away teams ended up winning 58.12% of their matches (χ2= 53,674; p< 0,001; phi= 0,17, V= 0,17). The top 4 teams in the ranking scored more goals and won more games at home and away and had a superior first-scoring advantage when playing away compared to the teams occupying the other positions.
Conclusion: playing at home and scoring the first goal represented an advantage for teams to achieve positive results in the Costa Rican soccer championships analyzed.
Implications: these results can guide the coaching staff to propose strategies for front-facing matches at home and away.
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