COMPARISON OF LEVELS OF SELF-ESTEEM BY SEX AND LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN TWO GROUPS OF SENIOR ADULTS
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to observe whether there are differences in the self-esteem score, depending on the level of physical activity (active-sedentary) in a sample of senior adults. Twenty-six senior adults participated in the study with an average of 73 ± 9 years of age. The sedentary group (n = 12) belonged to the Santo Domingo Nursing Home in Heredia, Costa Rica, while the active group belonged to the project entitled Modulation of the Aging Process of the Movement for Life Program. Results: No significant differences were found in scores by level of physical activity (t = 0.931, p = 0.363); however, there were significant differences in self-esteem scores by gender (t = -2.255, p = 0.034). It was concluded that the level of physical activity does not affect self-esteem and that men’s level of self-esteem is higher than women’s.Downloads
References
Barrios, R., Borges, R., y Cardoso, L. (2003). Beneficios percibidos por adultos mayores incorporados al ejercicio. Revista Cubana de Medicina General Integral, 19(2). Recuperado
de: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?pid=S0864-21252003000200007&script=sci_arttext
Bergland, A., Thorsen, K., y Loland, N. W. (2010). The relationship between coping, selfesteem and health on outdoor walking ability among older adults in Norway. Ageing and
Society, 30(06), 949-963. doi:10.1017/S0144686X1000022X
Bustamante, S. (1998). Autoestima y Asertividad. Comité Nacional para el Adulto Mayor Santiago de Chile. Recuperado de: http://www.institutodelenvejecimiento.cl/upload_img/
Autoestima_y_Asertividad_2004.pdf
Correa-Bautista, J.E., Gámez-Martínez, E.R., Ibáñez-Pinilla, M., y Rodríguez-Daza, K.D. (2011).
Aptitud física en mujeres adultas mayores vinculadas a un programa de envejecimiento activo. Salud UIS, 43(3), 263-269. Recuperado de: http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/suis/v43n3/v43n3a07.pdf
Fernández, C. (2002). Impacto sobre el desarrollo de los programas universitarios de mayores.Un estudio sobre el aula de la Experiencia de la Universidad de Sevilla. Tesis Doctoral
no publicada. Universidad de Sevilla, España. Recuperado de: http://fondosdigitales.us.es/media/thesis/1190/Y_TD_PS-219.pdf
Fox, K. R. (2000). Self-esteem, self-perceptions and exercise. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 31(2), 228-240.
Gallego, J., Aguilar, J., Cangas, A., Lorenzo, J., Franco, J., y Miañas, I. (2012). Programa de Natación Adaptada paraPersonas Mayores Dependientes: Beneficios Psicológicos, Físicos y Fisiológicos. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 21(1), 125-133. Recuperado de: http://ddd.uab.cat/pub/revpsidep/revpsidep_a2012v21n1/revpsidep_a2012v21n1p125.pdf
García, A., Marín, M., y Bohórquez, M. (2012). Autoestima como variable psicosocial predictora de la actividad física en personas mayores. Revista de Psicología del Deporte, 21(1), 195-
Recuperado de: http://ehis.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=5a0db25b-3f3b-41e8-8a5d-0144f6eb1555%40sessionmgr14&vid=2&hid=1
Gothe, N. P., Mullen, S. P., Wójcicki, T. R., Mailey, E. L., White, S. M., Olson, E. A., ... & McAuley,E. (2011). Trajectories of change in self-esteem in older adults: exercise intervention
effects. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 34(4), 298-306. doi: 10.1007/s10865-010-9312-6
Levy, S. S., & Ebbeck, V. (2005). The exercise and self-esteem model in adult women: the inclusion of physical acceptance. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 6(5), 571-584.
doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2004.09.003
Li, F., Harmer, P., Chaumeton, N. R., Duncan, T. E., & Duncan, S. C. (2002). Tai Chi as a means to enhance self-esteem: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Applied
Gerontology, 21(1), 70-89. doi: 10.1177/073346480202100105
Lox, C. L., Ginis, K. A. M., & Petruzzello, S. J. (2010). Chapter 8: Self-Concept, Self-Esteem, and Exercise. En The Psychology of Exercise: Integrating Theory and Practice. (3era ed.,
pp. 204-225). Scottsdale, AZ: Holcomb Hathaway.
Madrigal, J. (2010). Beneficios en la calidad de vida de mujeres entre los 50 y los 81 años de edad al participar en un programa de recreación física grupal. Revista Educación, 34(2),
-132. Recuperado de: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44015704007
McAuley, E., Blissmer, B., Katula, J., Duncan, T. E., & Mihalko, S. L. (2000). Physical activity, self-esteem, and self-efficacy relationships in older adults: A randomized controlled
trial. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 22(2), 131-139. doi: 10.1007/BF02895777
McAuley, E., Elavsky, S., Motl, R. W., Konopack, J. F., Hu, L., & Marquez, D. X. (2005). Physical activity, self-efficacy, and self-esteem: Longitudinal relationships in older adults. The
Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 60(5),268-275. doi: 10.1093/geronb/60.5.P268
Motl, R.W., & McAuley, E. (2010). Physical activity, disability, and quality of life in older adults. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 21(2), 299-308.
doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2009.12.006
Moore, D. S. (2000). Capítulo 7: Inferencia para medias y desviaciones típicas. En Estadística aplicada básica (2da ed., pp. 481-562). Barcelona: Book Print Digital S.A.
O’Donoghue, P. (2012). Chapter 1: Data, Information and Statistics. En Statistics for Sport and Exercise Studies: An Introduction. (pp. 1-18). Oxon: Routledge
Ortiz-Arriagada, J., y Castro-Salas, M. (2009). Bienestar psicológico de los adultos mayores, su relación con la autoestima y la autoeficacia. Ciencia y Enfermería, 15(1), 25-31.
Recuperado de: http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/cienf/v15n1/art04.pdf
Palacio, L., Ríos, A., Payares, S., Maldonado, A., Campo, L., Quiñonez, D., y Zapata Y. (2010). Percepción del envejecimiento y bienestar que tienen los adultos mayores del Hogar Geriátrico San Camilo de la ciudad de Barranquilla (Colombia). Salud Uninorte, 26(2),250-259. Recuperado de: http://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/sun/v26n2/v26n2a08.pdf
Rojas-Barahona, C., Zegers, B., y Förster, C. (2009). La escala de autoestima de Rosenberg:Validación para Chile en una muestra de jóvenes adultos, adultos y adultos mayores. Revista
Médica de Chile, 137. Recuperado de: http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/rmc/v137n6/art09.pdf
Sabiston, C., Whitehead, J. R., y Eklund, R. C. (2012). Exercise and Self-Perception Constructs. En G. Tenenbaum, R. C. Eklund, y A. Kamata. Measurement in Sport andExercise Psychology. (pp. 227-237). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Spirduso, W. W., Francis, K. L., y MacRae, P. G. (2005). Chapter 11: Physical Function of Older Adults. En Physical Dimensions of Aging. (2da ed., pp. 261-286). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Thomas, J. R., Silverman, S., y Nelson, J. (2015). Chapter 1: Introduction to Research in Physical Activity. En Research Methods in Physical Activity. (7ma ed., pp. 3-25). Champaign, IL:Human Kinetics.
Vázquez, M., y Jiménez, R. (2004) Escala de autoestima de Rosenberg: fiabilidad y validez en población clínica española. Revista Apuntes en Psicología. 22(2). Recuperado de: http://
www.cop.es/delegaci/andocci/files/contenidos/VOL22_2_6.pdf
Zavala, M., Vidal, D., Castro, M., Quiroga, P., y Klassen, G. (2006) Funcionamiento social del adulto mayor. Ciencia y Enfermeria, 12(2), 53-62. Recuperado de: http://www.vejez.cl/
media/users/9/495179/files/43328/Funcionamiento_Social_del_Adulto_Mayor.pdf
Self-archiving policy: The journal allows the self-archiving of the articles in their peer-reviewed version, edited and approved by the Editorial Board of the Journal to be available in Open Access through the Internet. More information in the following link: http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/issn/1659-097X/
General conditions
The journal is hosted in open access repositories such as the Institutional Repository of the Universidad Nacional, the Kimuk Repository of Costa Rica and La Referencia.
The editorial source must be recognized.
MHSalud: Journal in Human Movement Sciences and Health by the Universidad Nacional is cover under a Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Costa Rica license.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Mynor Rodriguez-Hernandez, Felipe Araya Ramirez, Pedro Ureña Bonilla, Danielle D Wadsworth, Luis Solano Mora, Physical Fitness and its Relationship to Depressive Traits in Older Adults Undertaking Physical Activity , MHSalud: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud: Vol 11 No 1 (2014): Movimiento Humano y Salud (Setiembre-Enero)
