Efeitos do exercício e da atividade física na qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença de Parkinson: Uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/mhs.20-2.9Palavras-chave:
atividade física, exercício, psicologia, qualidade de vida, saúde mentalResumo
Objetivo: realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre o efeito do exercício e da atividade física na qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença de Parkinson (DP).
Metodologia: sob os elementos de relato preferidos para revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises da metodologia PRISMA, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica utilizando os bancos de dados acadêmicos Scopus, Springer e Oxford. Foram estabelecidos critérios de inclusão onde os documentos foram filtrados, classificados e selecionados de acordo com sua relação com o objeto de estudo e critérios de exclusão sob os critérios estabelecidos para a estratégia PICOS. A revisão não foi registrada a priori em nenhum banco de dados e nenhum protocolo de revisão foi publicado. Dezesseis estudos foram incluídos na revisão.
Resultados: Os dados mostram que os fatores que influenciam o efeito do exercício físico na qualidade de vida de pacientes com DP estão relacionados a baixos níveis de atividade física e falta de exercício físico agudo. Em termos de intervenções, o exercício aconselhado pela fisioterapia, boxe, tai chi, aquaterapia e diferentes tipos de treinamento são destacados.
Conclusão: O efeito do exercício e da atividade física nos pacientes com DP está relacionado ao bem-estar experimentado por cada pessoa em sua qualidade de vida. Por sua vez, presume-se que as intervenções de exercício e atividade física dentro de 6 e 12 semanas melhoram os sintomas motores e cognitivos, e alteram a atividade cerebral em pessoas com DP. Esta revisão pode orientar estudos futuros que visam preencher as lacunas existentes em relação aos efeitos do exercício e da atividade física na qualidade de vida das pessoas com doença de Parkinson.
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