Estratégias de prevenção neuromuscular para lesões do ligamento cruzado anterior sem contato em jogadoras de basquete. Revisão narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15359/mhs.18-2.7Palavras-chave:
mulher, lesão, basquete, prevenção, ligamento cruzado anteriorResumo
Introdução: A lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior sem contato tem maior incidência em atletas adolescentes do sexo feminino. As características do basquete (salto, aterrissagem ou mudanças de direção que ocorrem a cada 2,0 a 2,82 segundos) juntamente com as características biomecânicas e hormonais da mulher (maior valgo do joelho, frouxidão articular e ciclo menstrual) fazem com que estejamos diante de um setor populacional de especial interesse para implementar programas de prevenção neuromuscular. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de propor um programa de prevenção neuromuscular de lesões do ligamento cruzado anterior em jogadoras de basquete do sexo feminino. Material e métodos: A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, SportDiscus e PEDro entre dezembro de 2019 e janeiro de 2020. Os descritores "ligamento cruzado anterior", "treinamento neuromuscular", "taxas de lesões", "basquetebol" e "mulheres” foram usados como critérios de pesquisa. Resultados: Foram analisados 20 artigos selecionados de acordo com os critérios de inclusão: estudos que fornecem informações sobre fatores de risco e programas de prevenção da lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior em mulheres saudáveis, atletas / esportistas. As informações obtidas foram classificadas de acordo com a estratégia ou informações preventivas fornecidas. Conclusão: Um programa de prevenção neuromuscular para lesões do LCA sem contato em jogadoras de basquete deve ser baseado em quatro aspectos fundamentais: treinamento de força de membros inferiores, pliometria, retroalimentação na aterrissagem e trabalho central.
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